Lymphocyte subsets in the blood: a diagnostic window on the lymphoid system?

Westermann, Jürgen; Pabst, Reinhard

doi:10.1016/0167-5699(90)90160-b

Cited by 334 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

164

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Since it is likely that the cells of interest, i.e. the activated ones, may fall outside this region, it is not surprising G. A. Webster et al that little information has been gained from previous peripheral blood lymphocyte subset analyses [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have attempted to associate altered lymphocyte numbers and subset composition in the blood with immune status, with conflicting results [4]. However, the potential value of peripheral blood analysis for assessing immune status after transplantation of grafts with a large lymphoid componenl is supported by studies demonslrating that morphological monitoring of lymphocyte activation reflects rejection of lung, but not cardiac allografts [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte subset light scatter characteristics as a means of monitoring the development of rat small bowel allograft rejection

Webster

Bowles

Karim

et al. 1995

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThis investigation used flow cytometry to monitor peripheral hlood lymphocyte morphology after rat small bowel transplinitation. Preliminary studies demonsirated that in vitro activated peripheral blood lymphocytes exhibited increased cell size and granularity as measured by flow cytometric analysis of forward (FSc) and side (SSc) light scatter characteristics. The formation of distinct 'activated" light scatter regions by such lymphoblastoid transformation occurred concomitantly with up-regulaied p55IL-2R expression. Heterotopic small bowel transplantation was performed between PVG donor and DA recipient rats without immunosuppression. Animals receiving isografts served as controls. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were identified using appropriate MoAbs. and the light scatter characteristics of each cell subset were determined by backgating strategies. Increased proportions of activated tt/ii T ceil receptor (TCR)-positive cells could be detected inallografted animalsasearly as day 2 post-transplantation. B cells showed peak activation by day 4. at which time the proportion of activated cells was over two-fold greater than that seen in untransplanted animals few activated B cells were detected in isografted animals. Resting natural killer (NK) cell light scatter regions only partially overlap with those of resting T and B lymphocytes, but in allografted animals almost the entire NK population fell outside the resting lymphocyte gate by day 2 post-transplantation, an activation state which was maintained until day 4. These findings associate peripheral blood cell subset lymphoblastoid transformation wilh developing small bowel allograft rejection. Importantly, changes were detected early and prior to the onset of overt rejection. These data suggest that analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte light scatter properties may provide an insight into in vivo immune status after small bowel transplantation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte subset light scatter characteristics as a means of monitoring the development of rat small bowel allograft rejection

Webster

Bowles

Karim

et al. 1995

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, the blood stream is mainly a transport system for lymphoid cells, and blood lymphocyte counts as well as phenotypes do not represent the immune status of the organism [97]. The number of lymphoid cells in the various organs and lymphoid structures of the body are difficult to estimate.…”

Section: Lymphocyte Compartments and Methods For Lymphocyte Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte migration studies

Bimczok

Rothkötter

2006

Vet. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-For maintenance of immunity and tolerance, the organs and tissues of the organism are connected by migrating lymphoid cells. Understanding lymphocyte migration is essential for many disorders and diseases -especially in the mucosa-lined organs. Detailed analyses of migrating lymphocytes have been performed in many species, especially in laboratory animals. However, important experiments in lymphocyte migration have been carried out in large animals, for example sheep, cattle and pigs. These species allow experimental procedures like in situ-organ labelling, lymphocyte retransfusion studies or lymph vessel cannulations. Such studies have made an important contribution to the understanding of the overall principles of lymphocyte migration especially in the mucosal immune system. Major results on the specific migration of naïve and memory T cells through lymphoid organs, the re-distribution of γ/δ T cells in the intestinal immune system and the emigration of newly produced B cells from the ileal Peyer's patches have been obtained in large animals. Since there are growing numbers of markers for large animals, and molecular biology methods are available in these species, experiments in large animals will be an essential tool for the understanding of lymphocyte migration especially in mucosal organs.

show abstract

“…This scenario is in accordance with the observation that labeled B cells with a reduced ICAM-1 expression migrate significantly faster from blood via the lymph nodes and efferent lymphatics back into the blood (present study), and the number of B cells in the thoracic duct is doubled after splenectomy. 41 Because lymph nodes contain about 40% of all B cells and the blood about 2%, 42,43 small changes in the number of B cells leaving the lymph nodes are sufficient to cause large changes in the number of B cells in the blood. It remains to be determined which cell types are involved in the interactions occurring during transmigration of the lymph nodes, 44 and whether and to what extent the migration through nonlymphoid organs such as lung, liver, and gut is affected by the changes in LFA-1 and ICAM-1 expression after splenectomy.…”

Section: Splenectomy Changes B-cell Migration But Not B-cell Prolifermentioning

confidence: 99%

Splenectomy of rats selectively reduces lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression on B-cell subsets in blood and lymph nodes

Milićević

Luettig

Wüstefeld

et al. 2001

Blood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionAntigens circulating in the blood are retained in the spleen and presented to a huge number of B and T cells migrating through its different compartments. 1,2 On removal of the spleen the incidence of severe infections increases both in children and adults, 3,4 and there are changes in many immunologic parameters. 5 One lasting change is a high increase in the number of B lymphocytes in the blood, an effect that is constantly observed both in humans 6 and in experimental animals, 7,8 and that comparably affects the 2 compartments of the blood, the peripheral and the marginal pools. 9 Because it is not known whether all or only certain blood B-cell subsets increase in number after the loss of the spleen, the numbers of naïve (IgD ϩ IgM ϩ ), memory (IgD Ϫ IgM high ), newly formed (NF; IgM high CD90 high ), early recirculating follicular (ERF; IgM low CD90 high ), recirculating follicular (RF; IgM low CD90 Ϫ ), and marginal zone (MZ; IgM high CD90 Ϫ ) phenotype B cells 10 were determined in blood, lymph nodes, and bone marrow of control and splenectomized animals. In principle, the splenectomy-induced increase in blood B-cell numbers could be due to an altered migration pattern or to increased proliferation of B cells caused, for example, by a latent infection.Because migration and proliferation of B cells are regulated by surface molecules, our hypothesis was that their expression might be altered by splenectomy. Therefore, the expression of molecules involved in initial adhesion of lymphocytes to the endothelium, in transmigration through the endothelium and the tissue, and in B-cell activation within the tissue was analyzed in all B-cell subsets in blood, lymph nodes, and bone marrow (␣ 4 -integrins, CD44, L-selectin, lymphocyte function-associated antigen1 [11][12][13][14] ). The functional consequences of possible changes in surface molecule expression were tested in vitro by adhesion assays and in vivo by following the traffic of labeled B cells from blood to thoracic duct lymph. In addition, the number of proliferating B cells was determined in the bone marrow, in the B-cell area of lymph nodes, and in the blood.Our data show that loss of the spleen leads to a decrease in LFA-1 and ICAM-1 expression of B cells but not T cells in blood and lymph nodes. This accelerates the migration of B cells through lymph nodes and results in higher numbers of B cells in the thoracic duct lymph and, subsequently, in the blood. Materials and methods AnimalsNormal rats (LEW/Ztm), rats with high numbers of B cells (BH.1L/Won 15 ), and rats lacking T cells (LEW/Ztm-rnu 16 ) were obtained from the Central Animal Facility at the Medical School of Hannover and were barriermaintained in a room with controlled environment (22 Ϯ 2°C, 55% Ϯ 5% relative humidity, 12-hour light/dark cycle). SplenectomySplenectomy was performed as described previously. 3,7 The animals were kept under barrier-maintained conditions for 3 months before analysis to allow recovery from the operation and adjustment to the asplenic situation. Sh...

show abstract

Lymphocyte subsets in the blood: a diagnostic window on the lymphoid system?

Cited by 334 publications

References 72 publications

Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte subset light scatter characteristics as a means of monitoring the development of rat small bowel allograft rejection

Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte subset light scatter characteristics as a means of monitoring the development of rat small bowel allograft rejection

Lymphocyte migration studies

Splenectomy of rats selectively reduces lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression on B-cell subsets in blood and lymph nodes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About