Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is associated with prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: correlation with CD163 positive M2 type tumor-associated macrophages, not PD-1 positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Abstract

The research aims to examine the prognostic value of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil-to- lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The relation of these hematologic indicators to poor antitumor immunity and prognosis must be investigated. Clinicopathologic data and survival information of 355 patients with DLBCL was retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis revealed that lower LMR (<2.71), higher NLR (≥2.81), CD163+ M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) content ≥9.5% and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) content < 4.5 cells per high power field(HPF) were significantly related to unfavorable overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). When considering the prognostic indexes of IPI, multivariate analysis confirmed that LMR of <2.71 and CD163+ M2 TAM content ≥9.5% significantly affected the prognosis of DLBCL. Spearman correlation test showed LMR was negatively correlated with CD163+ M2 TAM content. However, there were no correlation was found between LMR and PD-1+ TIL as well as between NLR and PD-1+ TIL content. These results indicated that decreased LMR lead to a weak anti-tumor immunity and could be used as a bad prognosis biomarker of DLBCL.

Expression of IL‐34 correlates with macrophage infiltration and prognosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma

“…Our findings may suggest that IL-34 is one such factor because IL-34, which induces the migration of monocytic cells, is often expressed in the DLBCL lymphoma tissues. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] In this study, we showed that the total number of macrophages, that is Iba-1 + macrophages, in the lymphoma tissues of IL-34 + DLBCL patients who showed shorter survival periods, was significantly higher than that of IL-34 À patients ( Figure 4). In this study, we also revealed that IL-34 induces cell migration even at high concentrations unlike M-CSF (Figure 5a, b).…”

“…[27][28][29][30][31] The survival periods of patients with higher number of macrophages in lymphoma tissues tended to be shorter than those of patients with lower number of macrophages (Supplementary figure 6), although the difference was not statistically significant, presumably because of a small sample size (n = 53). Nevertheless, our results are consistent with several studies demonstrating that the number of tumor-infiltrating macrophages correlates with the poor prognosis of patients with DLBCL.…”

“…[27][28][29][30][31] For instance, Wada et al 28 and Marchesi et al 30 reported that an M2-like macrophage phenotype, as defined by double positive for CD68 and CD163, is associated with adverse outcome. [27][28][29][30][31] For instance, Wada et al 28 and Marchesi et al 30 reported that an M2-like macrophage phenotype, as defined by double positive for CD68 and CD163, is associated with adverse outcome.…”

“…Several studies have shown that the number of tumor-infiltrating macrophages correlates with a poor prognosis of patients with DLBCL. [27][28][29][30][31] For instance, Wada et al 28 and Marchesi et al 30 reported that an M2-like macrophage phenotype, as defined by double positive for CD68 and CD163, is associated with adverse outcome. Likewise, Cai et al 27 reported that CD68 is a marker of poor outcome.…”

Predicting complications in hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastasis: the lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio

“…Recent studies have demonstrated a significant reduction in morbidity, from 53% to 19% over two decades, with a concomitant reduction in mortality from 5.2% to 1.6% at 90 days post-operatively. [19][20][21][22] Theoretically, a low LMR could be correlated with adverse outcomes. Currently, detection methods for post-operative complications include, but are not limited to, monitoring serum haematological and biochemical parameters, cross-sectional imaging, clinical examination and drain output.…”