Macro‐ and Nano‐Porous 3D‐Hierarchical Carbon Lattices for Extraordinarily High Capacitance Supercapacitors (Adv. Funct. Mater. 24/2022)

Katsuyama, Yuto; Haba, Nagihiro; Kobayashi, Hiroaki; Iwase, Kazuyuki; Kudo, Akira; Honma, Itaru; Kaner, Richard B.

doi:10.1002/adfm.202270139

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…These devices also exceed performance of both planar Ti 3 C 2 T x -MXene and other 3D printed lattice electrodes. [21,30] Additionally, comparing the charge transfer resistance (R ct ) at 0.5 V versus Ag/AgCl, we see a similar trend, as shown in Figure 5c. R ct was calculated as the diameter of the semicircle of the Nyquist plots obtained in the frequency range of 100 kHz-0.1 Hz through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement at 0.5 V. As shown in Figure 5c, R ct is higher for the octet and cubic lattices, reaching values of 8.94 and 8.01 Ω respectively, while the BCC lattice exhibits a lower R ct of 6.84 Ω.…”

Section: Electrochemical Performance Of 3d Lattice Electrodessupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The carbonization process makes the structures conductive while enhancing the resolution, preserving the microstructure of the 3D printed polymers while shrinking them to roughly 38% of their original printed size (see additional images in Figure S1, Supporting Information). Similar processes have been reported for carbonizing 3D printed resins printed by stereolithography using higher temperature anneals (900 °C) in nitrogen or argon, [21,28,29] however, our work achieves up to 7× smaller features while retaining fully solid struts (Figure S2, Supporting Information) and minimizing defects. Even the layers formed during printing, due to the layer-by-layer nature of the μSLA process, are maintained during carbonization, appearing as lines on the structures in Figure 3.…”

Section: Conductivity Of 3d Lattice Structures As a Function Of Relat...supporting

confidence: 71%

“…Intentional design of the nanoscale morphology of the structures allows for control over ion transport as well as dendrite growth when in use, [21][22][23] demonstrating that control of both the nanoscale and mesoscale morphology is a key facet of these advanced electrodes. By modeling changes to the mechanical structure of various lattice types, we can understand how these design changes impact the electrical properties of a lattice and optimize performance of these 3D mesostructured electrodes for energy storage applications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graph Theory Design of 3D Printed Conductive Lattice Electrodes

Huddy

Tiwari

Hongpeng

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Abstract3D printing has the promising capability to fabricate engineered lattice structures with broadly tunable surface area and optimal geometries for maximizing structural and functional properties. This study characterizes the electrical conductivity of 3D lattices of varying size, structure, and porosity to guide additively manufactured electrode design in energy storage devices. Graph theory‐based calculations and experiments comparing the conductivity of multiple strut lattice structures and illustrating the scaling laws governing architectures with either coated or solid conductive struts are presented. The lightweight lattices explored here show higher conductivity than random foams that lack a periodic mesostructure. It is experimentally demonstrated that the 3D lattice type influences the specific capacity when employed in supercapacitors, outperforming 2D supercapacitor counterparts, and other 3D printed electrodes while allowing for optimization of the design for different energy storage applications. Additionally, it is shown that tuning the physical structure of the lattices allows for precise control over the electrical response to mechanical loading, as confirmed through experimental measurements. The lattice structure programs the electrodes’ mechanical stiffness, with higher relative density samples showing higher Young's modulus. These results can serve to guide the design of 3D printed electrodes in a variety of electrochemical and electromechanical device applications.

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Section: Electrochemical Performance Of 3d Lattice Electrodessupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Conductivity Of 3d Lattice Structures As a Function Of Relat...supporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graph Theory Design of 3D Printed Conductive Lattice Electrodes

Huddy

Tiwari

Hongpeng

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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show abstract

“…This ultralong work life and cyclic stability are among the best level of EDLC capacitors and outperform most of the reported COF‐based pseudocapacitors and batteries (Figure 5h). [ 14–17,39,66–74 ] This superior cycling performance demonstrates the outstanding chemical and structural stability of COF NPs, and their strong interface interaction with graphene scaffolds. The capacitive performances of v‐COF‐GAs capacitor cells were compared with other reported supercapacitors in the Ragone plot (Figure 5i and Figure S19, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 10,11 ] Therefore, hierarchical pore‐structure engineering that coordinates structural features spanning multiple length scales is crucial for developing high‐performance electrodes. [ 11–14 ] Despite significant progress made in regulating either microscale or macroscale structure, [ 13–18 ] simultaneously tailoring the mesoscale structure to achieve full‐scale engineering of the electrode remains a great challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Growth of 2D Covalent Organic Framework Nanoplatelets on a Macroporous Scaffold for High‐Performance Electrodes

et al. 2022

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Hierarchically structural engineering of electrodes is critical to achieving high energy density and high power density in electrochemical energy storage (EES). However, rational regulation of the mesoscopic structure that coordinates microscopic and macroscopic structural features simultaneously remains a significant challenge. Here, the construction of electrodes with well‐defined hierarchical pores spanning multiple length scales from 1 nm to 50 µm is reported. Vertically aligned 2D covalent organic framework (COF) nanoplatelets with a thickness around 30 nm are in situ grown on macroporous graphene aerogel scaffold by a reversible polycondensation‐termination strategy. The obtained electrode thus combines abundant accessible active sites and efficient transport expressways for both ions and electrons. When used for supercapacitors, a superior gravimetric capacitance of 289 F g−1 as well as outstanding capacitance retention at both high charge/discharge rates of 77% from 0.5 to 50 A g−1 and high mass loading of 74% from 1.2 to 10.4 mg cm−2 are achieved. Hierarchical engineering of mesostructured 2D COF units on the macroporous scaffold will bring unprecedented structural designability and performance enhancement for EES electrodes.

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Pre‐Oxidating and Pre‐Carbonizing to Regulate the Composition and Structure of Coal Tar Pitch: The Fabrication of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitor Applications

Liu,

Wu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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The capacitive properties of supercapacitors highly rely on the reasonable design of high‐performance electrode materials. Herein, a synergetic strategy of pre‐oxidation and pre‐carbonization is proposed to prepare coal tar pitch (CTP) based porous carbon. The formation mechanism of porous carbon is revealed. Pre‐oxidation increases the heteroatom content and promotes the decomposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons into small molecules, which is more conducive to improving the subsequent activation and enhancing the microporous specific surface area. Also, the autoclave pre‐carbonization promotes the polymerization of the precursors and increases the carbon yield. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of pre‐oxidation and pre‐carbonation, the obtained carbon exhibits a superior specific capacitance of 365 F g−1. Meanwhile, ZnCl2 is used as a hydrogen‐bonding acceptor to synthesize ZnCl2‐EG/PVA deep eutectic solvent (DES) gel, and it is applicable to acidic, neutral, and alkaline electrolytes. The capacitor assembled with the prepared porous carbon and DES gel electrolyte achieves a high energy density of 41.3 Wh kg−1 and works well in unconventional temperatures (−40–75 °C). This work confirms the effect of pre‐oxidation and pre‐carbonization on the fabrication of CTP‐based carbon material and expects to prepare porous carbon using other pre‐oxidation/carbonization agents.

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Macro‐ and Nano‐Porous 3D‐Hierarchical Carbon Lattices for Extraordinarily High Capacitance Supercapacitors (Adv. Funct. Mater. 24/2022)

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Graph Theory Design of 3D Printed Conductive Lattice Electrodes

Graph Theory Design of 3D Printed Conductive Lattice Electrodes

Vertical Growth of 2D Covalent Organic Framework Nanoplatelets on a Macroporous Scaffold for High‐Performance Electrodes

Pre‐Oxidating and Pre‐Carbonizing to Regulate the Composition and Structure of Coal Tar Pitch: The Fabrication of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitor Applications

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