Macromolecular donor—acceptor complexes

Simionescu, C. I.; Grigoraş, Mircea

doi:10.1016/0079-6700(91)90001-2

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…In the 1970s and 1980s, CTCs based on non‐conjugated polymers (non‐CPs) as donors (e.g., polyvinylcarbazole, PVK) or acceptors (e.g., poly‐2,4‐dinitrostyrene) were actively studied 17. Some polymer donoracceptor blend films showed interesting semiconducting properties: conductivity, absorption in the visible region, and photoconductivity 17a. For example, photoconductive PVK : 2,4,7‐trinitrofluorenone (TNF, Figure 1f) and similar blends were studied for application in electrophotography 18.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CTCs of non‐CPs show some peculiarities compared with the corresponding small‐molecule donoracceptor pairs 17. For example, the CTC molar extinction in polymers was usually higher than that in the small‐molecule counterparts 17a. The CTC binding energy in polymer‐based blends can also deviate from that of the corresponding small‐molecule CTCs 17a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Charge‐Transfer Complexes of Conjugated Polymers

Sosorev

Paraschuk

2014

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Donoracceptor blends of conjugated polymers (CPs) are workhorse materials for the state‐of‐the‐art polymer solar cells. Although earlier it was suggested that charge transfer in these blends occurred only in the excited electronic state, a body of evidence for ground‐state charge transfer and the corresponding charge‐transfer complex (CTC) formation has been reported in the last decade. In some CP:acceptor blends, the CTC is pronounced and can be noticed visually as a colour change, while in more common CP:fullerene blends it is very weak. However, in both, the CTC governs charge separation, which is the key photophysical process for organic solar cells, through so‐called charge‐transfer states. Moreover, the pronounced CTC can substantially modify the blend properties: extend the blend absorption in the red and infrared regions, change the morphology to facilitate donoracceptor intermixing, stimulate polymer self‐organization and ordering, and increase the polymer photooxidation stability. Addition of one of the strongest organic acceptors, 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4‐TCNQ), to the CP:fullerene blend is an example of organic doping (a CTC with full charge transfer), improving the blend structural and electronic properties and finally the solar cell performance. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on CTCs in various CP:acceptor blends and the impact of CTC on the blend properties and the device performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge‐Transfer Complexes of Conjugated Polymers

Sosorev

Paraschuk

2014

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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“…[5] Donor-acceptor complexes are molecular complexes resulting from the association of an electron donor molecule (D) with an electron acceptor molecule (A), which generally demonstrate partial or total electron transfer from Dt oA upon irradiation (Scheme 1b). [7,8] TheN ADH (the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is known to form the donor-acceptor complex when bound to the enzyme, [9] however its synthetic analog Hantzsch ester (HE) has not been reported for donor-acceptor complex formation. [7,8] TheN ADH (the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is known to form the donor-acceptor complex when bound to the enzyme, [9] however its synthetic analog Hantzsch ester (HE) has not been reported for donor-acceptor complex formation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[6] However,i ts application in organic synthesis is limited and the donor-acceptor complex for alkoxyl radical generation is unknown. [7,8] TheN ADH (the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is known to form the donor-acceptor complex when bound to the enzyme, [9] however its synthetic analog Hantzsch ester (HE) has not been reported for donor-acceptor complex formation. [10,11] We hypothesize that the donor-acceptor complex formation between alkoxyl radical precursors and HE will enable the alkoxyl radical generation without photocatalysts (Scheme 1c).…”

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confidence: 99%

Donor–Acceptor Complex Enables Alkoxyl Radical Generation for Metal‐Free C(sp³)–C(sp³) Cleavage and Allylation/Alkenylation

Zhang

et al. 2017

Angewandte Chemie

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The alkoxyl radical is an essential and prevalent reactive intermediate for chemical and biological studies.Here we report the first donor-acceptor complex-enabled alkoxyl radical generation under metal-free reaction conditions induced by visible light. Hantzsch ester forms the key donoracceptor complex with N-alkoxyl derivatives,w hich is elucidated by aseries of spectrometry and mechanistic experiments. Selective C(sp 3 )-C(sp 3 )b ond cleavage and allylation/alkenylation is demonstrated for the first time using this photocatalyst-free approachw ith linear primary,s econdary,a nd tertiary alkoxylr adicals.

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“…7,10 Moreover, electron donating and accepting groups have the tendency to interact intermolecularly in the ground state, resulting in the formation of charge-transfer complexes. 11,12 Formation of these complexes may not only affect the behavior of the DA chromophores, but also the properties of the material as a whole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge transfer interactions in polyesters with a donor‐(σ‐bridge)‐acceptor moiety in the repeating unit

Oosterbaan

Kaats-Richters

Jenneskens

et al. 2004

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Two high molecular weight linear polyesters were investigated to gain insight in how the photophysics of electron donor-(-spacer)-electron acceptor (DA) compounds are affected by incorporation into a polymer. They were prepared by condensation of either adipoyl or sebacoyl chloride with a diol that was functionalized with an N,N-dialkylaniline donor, a cyclohexyl type -spacer, and a 1,1-dicyanovinyl acceptor. The solubility, which is very low, and the thermal properties of the polyesters are dictated by physical crosslinking as a consequence of interchain donor-acceptor interactions. Charge transfer (CT) absorption and emission are observed, which involve CT between DA moieties of different chains rather than CT processes within a single DA unit. As a result, the photophysics of the DA units in the polyesters differs strongly from that of similar DA compounds in solution. Upon swelling the polymers with THF, the CT fluorescence disappears partly. Analogous polymers containing only an N,N-dialkylaniline donor display dual fluorescence; one band reflects local emission, while the other is attributed to excimer emission.

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Macromolecular donor—acceptor complexes

Cited by 27 publications

References 191 publications

Charge‐Transfer Complexes of Conjugated Polymers

Charge‐Transfer Complexes of Conjugated Polymers

Donor–Acceptor Complex Enables Alkoxyl Radical Generation for Metal‐Free C(sp³)–C(sp³) Cleavage and Allylation/Alkenylation

Charge transfer interactions in polyesters with a donor‐(σ‐bridge)‐acceptor moiety in the repeating unit

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Macromolecular donor—acceptor complexes

Cited by 27 publications

References 191 publications

Charge‐Transfer Complexes of Conjugated Polymers

Charge‐Transfer Complexes of Conjugated Polymers

Donor–Acceptor Complex Enables Alkoxyl Radical Generation for Metal‐Free C(sp3)–C(sp3) Cleavage and Allylation/Alkenylation

Charge transfer interactions in polyesters with a donor‐(σ‐bridge)‐acceptor moiety in the repeating unit

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Donor–Acceptor Complex Enables Alkoxyl Radical Generation for Metal‐Free C(sp³)–C(sp³) Cleavage and Allylation/Alkenylation