Macronutrient diet selection in thirteen mouse strains

Abstract

The strain distribution for macronutrient diet selection was described in 13 mouse strains (AKR/J, NZB/B1NJ, C57BL/6J, C57BL/6ByJ, DBA/2J, SPRET/Ei, CD-1, SJL/J, SWR/J, 129/J, BALB/cByJ, CAST/Ei, and A/J) with the use of a self-selection protocol in which separate carbohydrate, fat, and protein diets were simultaneously available for 26-30 days. Relative to carbohydrate, nine strains consumed significantly more calories from the fat diet; two strains consumed more calories from carbohydrate than from fat (BALB/cByJ, CAST/Ei). Diet selection by SWR/J mice was variable over time, resulting in a lack of preference. One strain (A/J) failed to adapt to the diet paradigm due to inadequate protein intake. Comparisons of proportional fat intake across strains revealed that fat selection/consumption ranged from 26 to 83% of total energy. AKR/J, NZB/B1NJ, and C67BL/6J mice self-selected the highest proportion of dietary fat, whereas the CAST/Ei and BALB/cByJ strains chose the lowest. Finally, epididymal fat depot weight was correlated with fat consumption. There were significant positive correlations in AKR/J and C57BL/6J mice, which are highly sensitive to dietary obesity. However, absolute fat intake was inversely correlated with epididymal fat in two of the lean strains: SWR/J and CAST/Ei. We hypothesize that the SWR/J and CAST/Ei strains are highly sensitive to a negative feedback signal generated by increasing body fat, but the AKR/J and C67BL/6J mice are not. The variation in dietary fat selection across inbred strains provides a tool for dissecting the complex genetics of this trait.

Involvement of Sex, Strain and Age Factors in High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6J and BALB/cA Mice

“…This indicates that BALB/cJ mice have modifier genes which can rescue a defective leptin pathway. In the experiments of Alexander et al [1] and Smith et al [14], it was shown that BALB/cByJ mice ate less fat than B6 mice even when they were able to freely choose nutrients (protein, fat and carbohydrate), and body fat weight was lower in BALB/cByJ than in B6 mice.…”

“…C57BL/6J (B6) mice are commonly used for obesity research, because they are lean when they are fed a low fat diet, while they show obesity characteristics such as increasing body fat mass, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia when they are fed HFD [12,15]. BALB/cByJ mice eat less fat than B6, when they can freely access fat, protein or carbohydrate [14]. BALB/ cJ, which is another BALB/c substrain, has been used to investigate the genetic factors of diabetes and insulin resistance such as the ob/ob gene [11].…”

Effects of liraglutide and sibutramine on food intake, palatability, body weight and glucose tolerance in the gubra DIO-rats

“…A major difference, however, between this experimental design and obesity in humans is that a large aspect of human susceptibility to obesity may not depend on the ability to resist weight gain when force-fed a high-fat diet. Rather, it may hinge on individual differences in the propensity to choose high-fat foods [12][13][14] .…”

Antiobesity action of peripheral exenatide (exendin-4) in rodents: effects on food intake, body weight, metabolic status and side-effect measures

“…The C57BL/6J mouse strain is prone to weight gain under HF dietary conditions. 38 At the end of the fattening period, mice were divided into groups of equal body weight (mean7s.e.m. at time of implant ¼ 26.571.4 g).…”