Macroporous Polyzwitterionic Gels As Versatile Intermediates for the Fixation and Release of Anions

Bairagi, Ujjawal; Jacob, Josemon

doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00888

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…After the first degradation step, a slight plateau was observed with a weight loss of 3.3% between 371 and 381°C. The second step initiated at 400°C, and a total weight loss of 52.56% was observed due to degradation of the polymer backbone chain, resulting in loss of N‐([2,2′‐bipyridine]‐4‐yl) methacrylamide and 4‐amino‐2,2′‐bipyridine 45,46 . The residue at 500°C is about 3%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2,2′‐Bipyridine containing chelating polymers for sequestration of heavy metal ions from organic solvents

Goyal

Jacob

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, a new chelating polymer, poly‐N‐([2,2′‐bipyridine]‐4‐yl)methacrylamide (PBpyMA), was designed and synthesized for the sequestration of heavy metal ions from organic solvents. Free radical polymerization of N‐([2,2′‐bipyridine]‐4‐yl) methacrylamide (BpyMA) generated a linear polymer with an Mw of ~43.9 kg/mol, which is found to be soluble in organic solvents such as DMF, THF, and DMSO. Thermogravimetric analysis for the polymer showed high thermal stability up to 285°C. The ability of the polymer PBpyMA to sequestrate different heavy metal ions was studied by using UV–vis spectroscopy and ICP‐MS. The polymer is found to efficiently complex Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ with absorption capacity in the range of 1.7–2.5 mmol/g. Kinetic studies revealed that the maximum removal of metal ions could be achieved within an hour at room temperature. FESEM‐EDX micrographs confirmed the formation of an interconnected crosslinked macroporous structure upon polymer‐metal complexation. Our studies suggest that PBpyMA bearing chelating bipyridine repeat units is a highly effective chelating material with significant potential for removing metal ions from organic solvents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2,2′‐Bipyridine containing chelating polymers for sequestration of heavy metal ions from organic solvents

Goyal

Jacob

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…NIH/3T3 (fibroblast) cell line was procured from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India. Monomer N -(pyridin-4-yl)methacrylamide (M1) was synthesized following the same procedure as in our previous report. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monomer N-(pyridin-4-yl)methacrylamide (M1) was synthesized following the same procedure as in our previous report. 31,32 Synthesis of Polyzwitterionic Nanogel PZNG-1. Monomer M1 (5 g, 30.82 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (30 mL) in a 100 mL flask, and bromoacetic acid (4.71 g, 33.91 mmol) was added.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Bairagi

Rainu

Singh

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Despite the reported evidence of deleterious effects of metabolic acidosis (MA), the development of advanced treatment options for this critical condition has not been explored much. Based on fundamental research and clinical trials, correcting MA with bicarbonate anions has a vast array of potential benefits. To achieve this objective, herein, we report on cytocompatible, charged polyzwitterionic nanogels (PZNGs) that can efficiently fix and release bicarbonate anions by a controlled and sustained mechanism. Three different PZNGs were synthesized using free radical polymerization with Pluronic F-127 as a non-ionic surfactant. From dynamic light scattering analysis, the hydrodynamic sizes (D h) were found to be 68 ± 6, 120 ± 3, and 97 ± 9 nm for PZNG-1, PZNG-2, and PZNG-3, respectively. The fixation of HCO3 – on PZNGs was done either by direct reaction with NaHCO3 or by CO2 gas bubbling into a dispersion of PZNGs, and the maximum loading efficiency was found to be ∼87–95%. Accelerated stability studies showed good stability for 30 days at 25 and 2–8 °C for the nanogels. The cytocompatibility results of the PZNGs from the MTT assay and the live–dead test confirm their non-toxicity, safety, and potential for various biomedical applications. The in vitro drug release profile revealed a sustained and controlled release pattern of HCO3 – with a maximum of ∼90% cumulative release in 168 h. The Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic model suggests that the HCO3 – anion release was regulated by diffusion of the anions and swelling of polymeric nanogels. In addition to the fixation and sustained release mechanisms described, the PZNGs reported here act as a simple and efficient carrier to deliver HCO3 – anions for the treatment of MA with reduced complications.

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“…NIH/3T3 (fibroblast) cell line was obtained from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India. Monomer N -(pyridin-4-yl)methacrylamide (M1) was synthesized following the methodology described in our previous studies. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monomer N-(pyridin-4-yl)methacrylamide (M1) was synthesized following the methodology described in our previous studies. 32,33 Synthesis of Polyzwitterionic Nanogels. PZNG1, PZNG2, and PZNG3 were synthesized, optimized, and characterized according to the methods described in our earlier study.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for the Controlled and Sustained Delivery of NO and H₂S

Bairagi,

Rainu,

Singh

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Nanomaterials capable of the controlled and sustained release of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have broad therapeutic implications. In this research work, we report on polyzwitterionic nanogels (PZNGs) that easily form nitrite and hydrosulfide salts, which act as precursor materials to fix and release these gaseous molecules in a controlled and sustained approach. Nanogels containing NO2 – and HS– ions as counteranions were synthesized from three different PZNGs by their direct reaction with aqueous NaNO2 and NaSH. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) data and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the nanogels indicate that every sample possesses a uniform, spherical structure with excellent dispersion. Based on the stability studies conducted, it has been determined that the optimal storage conditions for these nanogels are within the temperature range of 2–25 °C. These nanogels were found to be cytocompatible, suggesting the potential use of these nanogels in biomedical applications. For conversion of NO2 – to NO and its release from nanogels, CuSO4, CoSO4, FeSO4, CuCl, citric acid (CA), ascorbic acid (AA), and a combination of CA and AA were utilized. H2S release from the nanogels was studied with HCl, CA, and AA. The in vitro release profile exhibited a consistent and regulated pattern of NO and H2S release, demonstrating a cumulative release of approximately 94–96% within a duration of 96 h. Antimicrobial studies were performed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains to establish their suitability as potential antibacterial agents. The encouraging findings demonstrate that the nanogels with the antibacterial properties described here serve as effective carriers to deliver NO and H2S.

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Macroporous Polyzwitterionic Gels As Versatile Intermediates for the Fixation and Release of Anions

Cited by 5 publications

References 58 publications

2,2′‐Bipyridine containing chelating polymers for sequestration of heavy metal ions from organic solvents

2,2′‐Bipyridine containing chelating polymers for sequestration of heavy metal ions from organic solvents

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for the Controlled and Sustained Delivery of NO and H₂S

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Macroporous Polyzwitterionic Gels As Versatile Intermediates for the Fixation and Release of Anions

Cited by 5 publications

References 58 publications

2,2′‐Bipyridine containing chelating polymers for sequestration of heavy metal ions from organic solvents

2,2′‐Bipyridine containing chelating polymers for sequestration of heavy metal ions from organic solvents

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for the Controlled and Sustained Delivery of NO and H2S

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Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for the Controlled and Sustained Delivery of NO and H₂S