Macroscopic characterization of cell electroporation in biological tissue based on electrical measurements

Abstract

A method is described to experimentally determine the temporal evolution of state variables involved in the electroporation of biological tissue, i.e., the transmembrane voltage and the macroscopic current flowing in the electropores. Indeed, the electrical parameters of the extracellular, intracellular, and unaltered membrane contributions as well as the electropores electrical characteristics can be deduced from the measurement of the tissue bioimpedance and from the variations of both the macroscopic voltage applied to the tissue and the delivered current.

In vivo electrical impedance measurements during and after electroporation of rat liver

“…Recording of current and voltage during the electroporation pulse application is performed with a strategy similar to that described in Refs. [15,21,22]. Specific to our apparatus is the use of a small sensing resistor (1 Ω) for measurements instead of the use of a magnetic based current sensor.…”

In situ electrical conductivity measurement of select liquid foods under hydrostatic pressure to 800MPa

“…Electrical conductivity of chemicals exposed to high pressures has been measured for metals (Bridgman, 1921), salt solutions (Quist & Marshall, 1968), acids (Quist, Marshall, & Jolley, 1965), and organic compounds (Scaife, 1974). Unfortunately, previous cell designs for EC measurement under pressure are not suitable for food and biological samples, since electrical properties of biomaterials are field strength dependent (Cima & Mir, 2004). Electrode configurations in prior work did not minimize fringe currents and did not have mostly uniform electric field strength distributions, likely because sample conductivities, usually electrolytes, were independent of electric field distribution.…”

Interpulse multifrequency electrical impedance measurements during electroporation of adherent differentiated myotubes

“…Similar models have been used by previous authors to study the electrical properties of cells during electroporation [25,[50][51][52][53].…”