Macroscopic Kinetic Investigations on Mixed Natural Gas Hydrate Formation for Gas Storage Application

Abstract

Solidified natural gas (SNG) technology via clathrate hydrates is a promising technology for the long-term and largescale storage of natural gas, owing to multifaceted benefits offered, including environmentally benign, compact, and safest mode of gas storage in comparison to conventional methods. In this study, we investigate the macroscopic kinetics of natural gas hydrate formation using a C1 (93%)−C2 (5%)−C3 (2%) gas mixture. The main objective is to examine the effect of the presence of low concentrations of higher hydrocarbons (ethane and propane) in influencing the natural gas hydrate formation kinetics along with the additional presence of a thermodynamic promoter, tetrahydrofuran. Experiments were performed to study the effect of pressure (driving force) on the mixed natural gas hydrate formation kinetics in an unstirred reactor configuration. Plausibility of the improvement in kinetics of mixed natural gas hydrate formation in the presence of an amino acid (kinetic promoter) was also attempted. Concentration of 300 ppm of tryptophan was found to be effective in enhancing the mixed natural hydrate formation kinetics at experimental conditions of 283.2 K and 5.0 MPa, albeit a minor drop in gas uptake. Results from this study will be helpful in advancing the SNG technology toward commercial implementation.

Effects of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Graphene Nanoflakes on Methane Dissolution Rates in Water under Vapor–Liquid–Hydrate Equilibrium Conditions

“…The remaining two cylinders provide bias values for the reservoir and the crystallizer. Omega Class A platinum resistance temperature detectors are used to 2), reservoir bias (3), reservoir (4), crystallizer (5), magnetic stirrer (6), electric stirrer (7), sample injection port (8), and methane cylinder (9). DP and CV represent differential pressure and the control valve, respectively.…”

“…Although much research has been focused on the inhibition of hydrate formation, they are now being studied for use in novel industrial applications. Their selective formation processes and high gas storage potentials have made them optimal candidates for natural gas storage and transport, separation processes including desalination, and atmospheric carbon removal via carbon dioxide sequestration. ,− …”

Enrichment of gas storage in clathrate hydrates by optimizing the molar liquid water–gas ratio

“…8 Natural hydrates are ascertained to be a future energy source if used with feasible technology and will have economic value. 9 The synthetic hydrates provide multifaceted applications such as storage media for greenhouse gases, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] carbon dioxide capture from fuel gas, 17 methane recovery from coal mine gas, 18,19 desalination, [20][21][22] cold storage, [23][24][25][26][27] and gas transportation. 12,28 Because of their structural properties and selectivity, this process slowly escalates to address various food technology issues.…”

Theoretical Investigation of the Fusion Process of Mono-Cages to Tri-Cages with CH4/C2H6 Guest Molecules in sI Hydrates

“…Different guest molecules have different influences on the stability of hydrate structures, as well as the fusion behavior of multi-cages. Studies have been promoted to explore the influence of mixed guest molecules in hydrates [ 8 , 16 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Su et al reported that structure II (sII) type clathrate crystal is thermodynamically stable when the hydrates are partially or fully occupied with three different guest molecules (CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , and C 3 H 8 ) [ 7 ].…”