Magnesium-Content of<i>Rhizobium</i>Nodules in Different Plants: The Importance of Magnesium in Nitrogen-Fixation of Nodules

Kiss, S; Stefanovits-Bányai, Éva; Hájos, Mária Takácsné

doi:10.1080/07315724.2004.10719422

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As expected, Mg-treated soybean plants had more and larger nodules. Similar results were reported by Kiss et al, 27 and they considered that Mg has an important role in the metabolism of the rhizobium bacteria and nodule development because (N 2 )fixing rhizobium strains need ATP that must be present as a Mg complex. 27 Another possible contributing mechanism for the positive influence of Mg addition on rhizobium bacteria may be the increase of carbon flow to root induced by Mg addition, 1 making more nutritional C available to rhizobium for growth.…”

Section: Journal Of Agricultural and Food Chemistrysupporting

confidence: 88%

Magnesium Fertilizer-Induced Increase of Symbiotic Microorganisms Improves Forage Growth and Quality

Chen

Wen

et al. 2017

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Magnesium (Mg) plays important roles in photosynthesis and protein synthesis; however, latent Mg deficiencies are common phenomena that can influence food quality. Nevertheless, the effects of Mg fertilizer additions on plant carbon (C):nitrogen (N):phosphorus (P) stoichiometry, an important index of food quality, are unclear and the underlying mechanisms unexplored. We conducted a greenhouse experiment using low-Mg in situ soil without and with a gradient of Mg additions to investigate the effect of Mg fertilizer on growth and stoichiometry of maize and soybean and also measure these plants' main symbiotic microorganisms: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and rhizobium, respectively. Our results showed that Mg addition significantly improved both plant species' growth and also increased N and P concentrations in soybean and maize, respectively, resulting in low C:N ratio and high N:P ratio in soybean and low C:P and N:P ratios in maize. These results presumably stemmed from the increase of nutrients supplied by activation-enhanced plant symbiotic microorganisms, an explanation supported by statistically significant positive correlations between plant stoichiometry and plants' symbiotic microorganisms' increased growth with Mg addition. We conclude that Mg supply can improve plant growth and alter plant stoichiometry via enhanced activity of plant symbiotic microorganisms. Possible mechanisms underlying this positive plant-soil feedback include an enhanced photosynthetic product flow to roots caused by adequate Mg supply.

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Section: Journal Of Agricultural and Food Chemistrysupporting

confidence: 88%

Magnesium Fertilizer-Induced Increase of Symbiotic Microorganisms Improves Forage Growth and Quality

Chen

Wen

et al. 2017

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…In previous studies, Vincent et al ( 1962 ) reported the failure of rhizobial cell division in Mg-deficient growth media. Conversely, Kiss et al ( 2004 ) observed a higher number of and larger nodules in pea roots treated with Mg in comparison to untreated roots. These findings indicate the importance of Mg in nodule formation and rhizobium activity in the roots, such as proliferation and nitrogen fixation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Interactive Effects of Nutrients and Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Growth and Root Architecture of Soybean (Glycine max L.)

et al. 2018

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Understanding the symbiotic performance of rhizobia and responses of plant root systems to mineral nutrient supply will facilitate the development of strategies to enhance effective rhizobia-legume symbioses. Interactive effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) on the symbiotic performance of soybean (Glycine max L.) with Bradyrhizobium japonicum, nodulation, root architecture, and the N concentration in plant tissue under hydroponic conditions were studied. Plant growth was significantly higher under a high N supply combined with Mg (HNHMg) than in combination with P (HNHP), which was attributed to the interaction between N and Mg ions. The plants grown at a low N concentration combined with either high or low P or Mg (LNHP, LNHMg, LNLP, and LNLMg) showed a higher nodule dry weight compared to those grown under a high N supply. We observed that the N content in the roots and shoots of soybean plants was significantly lower under LNHP or LNLP, but it was higher under HNHMg or LNHMg, indicating that Mg promotes N acquisition by the plant tissues. Neither root nor shoot growth responded significantly to P availability regardless of the N supply. We observed significant positive relationships between the number of nodules, the N content in plant tissues and the root system architecture of soybean plants grown with a variable supply of Mg combined with N, which highlights the importance of N and Mg availability in the growth medium in regulating root system architecture and nodule formation. The number of rhizobial cells colonizing soybean roots was highest under the HNHMg treatment (6.78 × 104 CFUs/cm of root tip), followed by the HNLMg (4.72 × 104 CFUs/cm of root tip) and LNHMg (4.10 × 104 CFU/cm of root tip) treatments, and lowest under the LNLMg (1.84 × 104 CFUs/cm of root tip) nutrient conditions. The results of this study contribute to new insights for the improvement of the root system and the symbiotic performance of rhizobia inoculated on legumes, stressing the importance of a balanced supply of nutrients.

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“…Redundancy analysis and variance partitioning analysis identi ed that soil exchangeable Magnesium (Mg 2+ ) and daidzein were signi cantly associated with a rhizosphere microbial shift. Mg 2+ plays an important role in the metabolism of rhizobia and the development of nodules, because nitrogen-xing requires ATP present as a Mg 2+ -complex [97]. Thus, wild-type rhizobial strains require more magnesium from the soil than symbiosis defective ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The symbiotic capacity of rhizobium shapes root-associated microbiomes

Liu¹,

Ma²,

Chen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Root-microbiome interactions are of central importance for plant performance and yield. A distinctive feature of legumes in this context is that they engage in symbiosis with rhizobia, which are abundant in soils and include both symbiotic and non-symbiotic bacterial strains. If and how the capacity of rhizobia to form symbiosis modulates root-associated microbiomes are not well understood. Results: We address this question by inoculating soybean (Glycine max) plants with wild type (WT) or a noeI mutant of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens. The noeI mutant produces a defective Nod factor and is thus compromised in its ability to establish functional symbiosis. Compared to soybean plants inoculated with WT rhizobia, plants inoculated with the noeI mutant showed a significant decrease in nodulation and root-flavonoid exudation, and exhibited strong changes in microbiome assembly in the rhizosphere and the rhizoplane. NoeI mutant-inoculated roots exhibited reduced diversity, co-occurrence interactions and a substantial depletion of beneficial microbes on the roots. The effects of the noeI mutation were absent in soils without plants, demonstrating that they are plant dependent. Complementation experiments showed that flavonoid supplementation is sufficient to restore recruitment of beneficial microbes. Conclusion: The results illustrate that the capacity of a rhizobium to form microbial symbiosis dramatically alters root-associated microbiomes, most likely by changing root exudation patterns. The results of this study have important implications for our understanding of the evolution of plant-microbiome interactions in the context of plant-bacterial symbioses.

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Magnesium-Content ofRhizobiumNodules in Different Plants: The Importance of Magnesium in Nitrogen-Fixation of Nodules

Abstract: Our results clearly show that the Mg nutrition treatment increased the number of Rhizobium nodules and their Mg-content, resulting in increased N2-fixation and yield.

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Magnesium Fertilizer-Induced Increase of Symbiotic Microorganisms Improves Forage Growth and Quality

Magnesium Fertilizer-Induced Increase of Symbiotic Microorganisms Improves Forage Growth and Quality

Interactive Effects of Nutrients and Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Growth and Root Architecture of Soybean (Glycine max L.)

The symbiotic capacity of rhizobium shapes root-associated microbiomes

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