The aim of this study
is to establish a new method with high sensitivity, accuracy, and
stability for the determination of human IgG and then expand it to
analyze severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific
IgM and IgG, which is of great significance for the screening and
diagnosis of COVID-19. In this study, the magnetic Fe
3
O
4
nanospheres coupled with mouse antihuman IgG (Ab1
IgG
) were used as an immune capture probe (Fe
3
O
4
@Ab1
IgG
) to capture and separate the target, and rabbit
antihuman IgG (Ab2
IgG
) coupled with highly luminescent
quantum dot nanobeads (QBs) as a fluorescence detection probe (QBs@Ab2
IgG
) was used to realize high sensitivity detection. After
the formation of a sandwich immunocomplex, the fluorescence intensity
of the precipitate after magnetic separation was measured at the excitation
wavelength of 370 nm. Under optimal conditions, a wide linear range
varying from 0.005 to 40 ng·mL
–1
was obtained
for the detection of human IgG with a lower limit of detection at
4 pg·mL
–1
(S/N = 3). The recoveries of intra-
and interassays were 90.0–101.9 and 96.0–106.6%, respectively,
and the relative standard deviations were 6.3–10.2 and 2.6–10.5%,
respectively. Furthermore, the proposed method was successfully demonstrated
to detect human IgG in serum samples, and the detection results were
not statistically different (
P
> 0.05) from commercial
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. This method is sensitive,
fast, and accurate, which could be expanded to detect the specific
IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.