Magnetic composites as an effective technology for removal of radioactive cesium

Jang, Sung-Chan; Kim, G. Y.; Hong, Seong-Gil; Yang, Hee‐Man; Lee, K.-W.; Moon, Jei‐Kwon; Seo, Bum-Kyoung; Cho, Y.; Huh, Yun Suk; Roh, Changhyun

doi:10.1007/s13762-015-0853-7

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For example, the grafting of magnetic zinc hexacyanoferrate into bentonite results in the ability to magnetically separate the functionalized material from surrounding solutions after the immobilization of Cs . Similarly, a sodium-phlogopite material was coated with iron oxide and was magnetically separated from the solution after Cs sorption . Metals can also be intercalated to target a specific species.…”

Section: Clay Functionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…92 Similarly, a sodium-phlogopite material was coated with iron oxide and was magnetically separated from the solution after Cs sorption. 93 Metals can also be intercalated to target a specific species. Cations�Mn, Cr, and Sn�were intercalated into bentonite by ion exchange to selectively sorb TcO 4 − with the intention of reducing Tc VII O 4 − to Tc IV O 2 .…”

Section: Clay Functionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functionalized Clays for Radionuclide Sequestration: A Review

Wall

Maulden

Gager

et al. 2022

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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Performance assessment of nuclear waste disposal options requires implementation of effective buffer materials. Buffer materials must meet longevity requirements and scavenge challenging radioisotopes, e.g., iodine-129 (I-129) and technetium-99 (Tc-99), both long-lived, highly mobile, anionic species in oxic environments. In many proposed nuclear waste repositories, heat generating radioactive waste will be surrounded by clay buffer material, which swells to fill the gap between the waste package and the host geology, restricting radionuclide transport to diffusive processes for several hundred years. The clay can be functionalized to further the limit release of Tc-99, as pertechnetate (TcO 4 − ), and I-129, as iodate (IO 3 − ) and iodide (I − ). Here, we review clay buffer functionalization and the potential to enhance sequestration of anionic radionuclides that have an increased risk of leaching out of a disposal facility. Functionalization with quaternary amines, nanosilver, bismuth-based materials, silane, and aluminum pillars have been demonstrated to improve the removal of targeted contaminants from solution. This review defines key research questions that remain: (i) can functionalized clay immobilize TcO 4 − , IO 3 − , and I − to the same extent as the reactive components themselves? (ii) Does functionalization affect the ability of the clay barrier to perform its safety functions of protecting the waste canister and limiting radionuclide transport? In addition to radionuclide retention, a multimodal analytical approach is required to assess functionalized clay performance, and recommended techniques are reviewed here. The key parameters that can influence radionuclide sequestration by functionalized clay are also evaluated. Theoretical approaches, including both density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, can inform the energetics and kinetics of radionuclide interactions with functionalized clays. This combined experimental and theoretical approach can link atomistic and microscopic processes to predict the macroscopic physical properties of the functionalized clays.

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Section: Clay Functionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clay Functionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%