Magnetic Field‐Enhanced Photothermal Ablation of Tumor Sentinel Lymph Nodes to Inhibit Cancer Metastasis

Abstract

A magnetic‐targeting‐enhanced cancer sentinel lymph node metastasis treatment strategy is developed using gold‐shelled iron oxide nanoclusters with polyethylene glycol coatings as the magnetic‐responsive photothermal agent. Compared with the treatment only acting on primary tumors, this treatment strategy by ablating both primary tumors and sentinel lymph nodes can remarkably inhibit lymphatic cancer metastasis and offer greatly improved animal survival.

Multi‐Caged IrOx for Facile Preparation of “Six‐in‐One” Nanoagent for Subcutaneous and Lymphatic Tumors Inhibition against Recurrence and Metastasis

“…In addition, lung is often the target of metastatic tumor cells spread via blood circulation resulted from highly enriched capillary vasculature. [ 1,32 ] In order to further study whether the pulmonary metastasis of tumor‐bearing mice with the above different treatments can be found, India‐ink was used to stain the lung through trachea. [ 33 ] As expected, pulmonary metastasis had appeared in the mice at the control and traditional CT groups with the metastatic tumor sites appearing as spots (Figure S35a, Supporting Information).…”

Current Approaches of Photothermal Therapy in Treating Cancer Metastasis with Nanotherapeutics

“…PTT can be used to combat the initiation of cancer metastasis in the primary tumor sites or early metastasis in lymph nodes to suppress their further metastasis in distant organs 19 , 35 , 38 . The NIR laser irradiation can be elaborately adjusted to induce the hyperthermia damage of cancer cells only in the tumor sites or lymph metastasis with minimal invasiveness and high specificity.…”

“…In particular, the tumor growth and lung metastasis of breast cancer were efficiently suppressed by a single PTT treatment. Moreover, to increase the targeting avidity of PTN in lymph metastasis, Liu et al fabricated a PEGylated gold shelled iron oxide nanocluster (IONC@Au-PEG), and provided a magnetic-targeting enhanced strategy to treat the lymph node metastasis (Figure 1 C) 35 . Upon an external magnetic field focused on the tumor metastasis region, the accumulation of PTN at the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) could be obviously improved.…”

Emerging nanomedicine approaches fighting tumor metastasis: animal models, metastasis-targeted drug delivery, phototherapy, and immunotherapy

“…252 Photothermal therapy can also combined with radiotherapy (RT) which is ideal for tumor lymph node metastasis treatment. In another recent study by our group, PEG-functionalized gold shell iron oxide nanoclusters (IONC@Au-PEG) were developed as a magnetic photothermal agent for lymph node metastasis tumor treatment.…”