Magnetic fields, radicals and cellular activity

Montoya, Ryan D.

doi:10.1080/15368378.2016.1194291

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In the hypothesis that free radical recombination is the basis of expected biological effects, the transition between singlet‐triplet of unpaired electron in oxygen‐based free radicals has to be considered. This transition is critical for increasing the recombination ratio of a spin‐correlated free radical pair, and is dependent on the applied MF [Barnes and Greenebaum, ; Montoya, ]. However, the reaction centers related to the expected antitumor effect are unknown, thus the lifetime of spin states and energy splitting between singlet and triplet states cannot be precisely determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antitumor effect of static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields against nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma

Yuan

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2018

Bioelectromagnetics

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Certain magnetic fields (MF) have potential therapeutic antitumor effect whereas the underlying mechanism remains undefined. In this study, a well-characterized MF was applied to two common childhood malignancies, nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma. This MF has a time-averaged total intensity of 5.1 militesla (mT), and was generated as a superimposition of a static and an extremely low frequency (ELF) MF in 50 Hertz (Hz). In nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines including G401, CHLA255, and N2a, after MF exposure of 2 h per day, the cell viability decreased significantly after 2 days. After 3 days, inhibition rates of 17-22% were achieved in these cell lines. Furthermore, the inhibition rate was positively associated with exposure time. On the other hand, when using static MF only while maintaining the same time-averaged intensity of 5.1 mT, the inhibition rate was decreased. Thus, both time and combination of ELF field were positively associated with the inhibitory effect of this MF. Exposure to the field decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Combinational use of MF together with chemotherapeutics cisplatin (DDP) was performed in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. In cell lines, combinational treatment further increased the inhibition rate compared with single use of either DDP or MF. In G401 nephroblastoma tumor model in nude mice, combination of MF and DDP resulted in significant decrease of tumor mass, and the side effect was limited in mild liver injury. MF exposure by itself did not hamper liver or kidney functions. In summary, the antitumor effect of an established MF against neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma is reported, and this field has the potential to be used in combination with DDP to achieve increased efficacy and reduce side effects in these two childhood malignancies. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:375-385, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antitumor effect of static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields against nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma

Yuan

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2018

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…Magnetic fields at low intensities have pronounced effects on unpaired electrons in molecules participating in chemical reactions and electron transfer processes (3,4). Pairing of electrons in bimolecular reactions and electron transfer processes with free radical intermediates, termed as the radical pair mechanism (RPM), is perturbed by magnetic fields in the milliTesla (mT) and microTesla (µT) ranges (3)(4)(5)(6). This perturbation is due to a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which the spin of an electron tends to align itself with the axis of a magnet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotating Magnetic Fields Inhibit Mitochondrial Respiration, Promote Oxidative Stress and Produce Loss of Mitochondrial Integrity in Cancer Cells

et al. 2021

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Electromagnetic fields (EMF) raise intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can be toxic to cancer cells. Because weak magnetic fields influence spin state pairing in redox-active radical electron pairs, we hypothesize that they disrupt electron flow in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). We tested this hypothesis by studying the effects of oscillating magnetic fields (sOMF) produced by a new noninvasive device involving permanent magnets spinning with specific frequency and timing patterns. We studied the effects of sOMF on ETC by measuring the consumption of oxygen (O2) by isolated rat liver mitochondria, normal human astrocytes, and several patient derived brain tumor cells, and O2 generation/consumption by plant cells with an O2 electrode. We also investigated glucose metabolism in tumor cells using 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and assessed mitochondrial alterations leading to cell death by using fluorescence microscopy with MitoTracker™ and a fluorescent probe for Caspase 3 activation. We show that sOMF of appropriate field strength, frequency, and on/off profiles completely arrest electron transport in isolated, respiring, rat liver mitochondria and patient derived glioblastoma (GBM), meningioma and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) cells and can induce loss of mitochondrial integrity. These changes correlate with a decrease in mitochondrial carbon flux in cancer cells and with cancer cell death even in the non-dividing phase of the cell cycle. Our findings suggest that rotating magnetic fields could be therapeutically efficacious in brain cancers such as GBM and DIPG through selective disruption of the electron flow in immobile ETC complexes.

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“…Although a number of studies have found that, in most cases, strong static magnetic fields (≥100 μT) increase ROS levels [Calabro et al, 2013; Vergallo et al, 2014; Zablotskii et al, 2014; Wang and Zhang, 2017], while HMFs significantly decrease cellular ROS levels [Martino and Castello, 2011; Zhang et al, 2017; Novikov et al, 2018; Van Huizen et al, 2019], the mechanism by which magnetic field exposure modulates ROS concentration in the cells remains unclear. Radicals are produced ubiquitously during many biological metabolic reactions, and it has been proposed that weak magnetic fields can change free radical reactions and free radical concentrations in biological systems and influence specific cellular functions [Barnes and Greenebaum, 2015; Montoya, 2017]. Free radicals are involved in the modulation of biological functions in response to HMFs, and changes in radical concentrations offer a reasonable explanation for some of the HMF‐induced biological effects.…”

Section: The Potential Mechanism Of Hmf‐induced Decrease In Cellular Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proposed that weak magnetic fields can change free radical reactions and levels, and consequently influence specific cellular functions and inhibit or accelerate cell growth [Barnes and Greenebaum, 2015; Montoya, 2017]. Therefore, free radicals may represent potential molecules for modulating biological functions in response to HMFs.…”

Section: Effects Of Hmf Exposure On Animals or Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species: Potential Regulatory Molecules in Response to Hypomagnetic Field Exposure

Zhang

Tian

2020

Bioelectromagnetics

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Organisms, including humans, could be exposed to hypomagnetic fields (HMFs, intensity <5 μT), e.g. in some artificially shielded magnetic environments and during deep-space flights. Previous studies have demonstrated that HMF exposure could have negative effects on the central nervous system and embryonic development in many animals. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Studies have revealed that HMFs affect cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and thereby alter physiological and biological processes in organisms. ROS, the major component of highly active free radicals, which are ubiquitous in biological systems, were hypothesized to be the candidate signaling molecules that regulate diverse physiological processes in response to changes in magnetic fields. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the study of HMF-induced negative effects on the central nervous system and early embryonic development in animals, focusing on cellular ROS and their role in response to HMFs. Furthermore, we discuss the potential mechanism through which HMFs regulate ROS levels in

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Magnetic fields, radicals and cellular activity

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

The antitumor effect of static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields against nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma

The antitumor effect of static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields against nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma

Rotating Magnetic Fields Inhibit Mitochondrial Respiration, Promote Oxidative Stress and Produce Loss of Mitochondrial Integrity in Cancer Cells

Reactive Oxygen Species: Potential Regulatory Molecules in Response to Hypomagnetic Field Exposure

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