Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction, Review

Abstract

Pelvic floor dysfunction is an important medical and social problem in the female population. The impact of pelvic floor disorders (PFD) is likely to grow as the prevalence of these disorders increases with an aging population. Pregnancy and delivery are considered major risk factors in the development of POP and stress urinary incontinence. Pelvic floor dysfunction may involve pelvic organ prolapse and/or pelvic floor relaxation. Organ prolapse can include any combination of the following: urethra (urethrocele), bladder (cystocele), or both (cystourethrocele), vaginal vault and cervix (vaginal vault prolapse), uterus (uterineprolapse), rectum (rectocele), sigmoid colon (sigmoidocele),and small bowel (enterocele).Given the paucity of understanding of PFD pathophysiology ,multicompartmental pathology, the high rate of recurrence and repeat surgery imaging plays a major role in its clinical management.The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows noninvasive, radiation-free, rapid, high-resolution evaluation the multicompartment defects in one examination.Findings reported at MR imaging of the pelvic floor are valuable for selecting candidates for surgical treatment and for indicating the most appropriate surgical approach.

A Case Report on grade 3 Uterocervical Descent (UCD) with grade 2 cystocele and rectocele

“…Utero-Cervical Descent is part of the pelvic organ prolapse a group of diseases in which the pelvis slips down from its normal position and bulges into the vagina. It includes bladder (cystocele), urethra (urethrocele), both bladder and urethra (cystourethrocele), small intestines (enterocele), rectum (rectocele), sigmoid (sigmoidocele), and the uterus (uterine prolapse) (1). A cystocele is a condition in which supportive tissues around the bladder and anterior vaginal wall weaken and stretch, allowing the bladder and vaginal wall to fall into the vaginal canal (2).…”