Magnetic resonance imaging of pure ovarian dysgerminoma: a series of eight cases

Abstract

Background Imaging findings have a prominent role in early and correct identification of ovarian dysgerminoma, the most common ovarian malignant germ cell tumor (OMGCT). Despite Computed Tomography (CT) is widely used, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has proved to be superior in adnexal masses characterization. Limited data and small series are available concerning MRI aspects of dysgerminoma. Case presentation From January 2012 to December 2018, a database of solid ovarian masses was retrospectively reviewed. Eight patients with histologically proven pure ovarian dysgerminoma and complete imaging available were identified and analyzed. Imaging findings were evaluated separately by two radiologists expert in female genito-urinary MRI. Conclusions MRI findings of a lobulated, purely solid, encapsulated mass with hyper-intensity of lobules and hypo-intensity of septa on T2w images contribute to differentiate dysgerminomas from other ovarian neoplasms.

A non-pregnant woman with elevated beta-HCG: A rare case of ovarian seminoma

“…Calcifications may appear as a patchy pattern on CT imaging [ 6 ]. MRI has been shown to be superior to CT in characterizing adnexal masses [ 8 ].…”

Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Ovarian Cancer: Exploiting Strengths and Understanding Limitations

“…The stage of ovarian cancer (extent of tumoral spread at diagnosis), typically established by imaging and at surgery predicts patient outcome and dictates the timing of It is not possible to utilize ADC per se to characterize malignant ovarian masses. Like HGSOC, rare malignant solid tumors, such as dysgerminomas, also have characteristically low ADC (0.81 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s [43]; 0.830 ± 0.154 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s) [44], as do the solid components of carcinoid tumors [45], with little or no information on other conditions such as malignant struma ovarii or yolk sac tumor. Nevertheless, an inverse relationship between tumor cellularity and ADC may be indicative of tumor aggressiveness: the mean ADC value of clear cell carcinomas has been shown to be higher due to their low cellularity compared to their more cellular counterparts, endometroid, and serous cell cancers [46].…”

Diagnosis and Management of Dysgerminomas with a Brief Summary of Primitive Germ Cell Tumors

“…A similar aspect can be found in an MRI [ 8 , 9 , 18 , 22 ]. A CT scan is used less often, as an ultrasound and MRI are more specific for diagnosis [ 23 ]. The description of the aspects and common features of examination are presented as follows in Figure 1 .…”

“…Regarding the staging, it is also questionable, due to the mixed cellularity encountered [ 23 ]. In the literature, difficulties are faced as well [ 19 ].…”