Magnetite-coated biochar as a soil phosphate filter: From laboratory to field lysimeter

Riddle, Matthew; Cederlund, Harald; Schmieder, Frank; Bergström, Lars

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.04.025

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The sand and loam were both moist when lysimeters were collected after receiving autumn rainfall. The organic soils were already installed in the lysimeter station from a previous study (Riddle et al 2018).…”

Section: Lysimeter Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coated biochar samples (< 4 mm) were immersed in a phosphate solution (as in Section 2.5); however, this time, the pH of the phosphate buffer solution was not regulated or measured. Phosphorus K-edge XANES fluorescence spectra were collected at beamline 8 of the Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI) in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (Klysubun et al 2012) following the same procedure as described in Riddle et al (2018). As there was no readily available magnesium-phosphate standard at the time of fluorescence collection, or in a reference library from the same beam line, a phosphate bound to magnesium and aluminum (hydr)oxides (Mg/Al/P) was used instead to confirm what phosphate was adsorbed to on the biochar.…”

Section: X-ray Powder Diffraction (Xpd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As there was no readily available magnesium-phosphate standard at the time of fluorescence collection, or in a reference library from the same beam line, a phosphate bound to magnesium and aluminum (hydr)oxides (Mg/Al/P) was used instead to confirm what phosphate was adsorbed to on the biochar. The XAS data treatment program Athena in the software package Demeter v.0.9.024 (Ravel and Newville 2005) was utilized for data treatment and analysis, which included energy calibration, merging, and normalization of sample scans also following the procedure outlined in Riddle et al (2018).…”

Section: X-ray Powder Diffraction (Xpd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identification of soils that release potentially environmentally damaging P loads to surface waters is an important first step; however, developing effective mitigation strategies is necessary in order to restrict the effects of eutrophication. One such mitigation strategy could be biochar used as a phosphate filter below plant root depth to capture unused mobile P. Biochar, a general term for pyrolyzed organic materials, has been tested in aqueous solutions and in soils for removing phosphate-P, with mixed results (Yao et al 2012;Parvage et al 2013;Riddle et al 2018). Adsorption mechanisms of phosphate on biochar can be complex and often rely on the ash fraction or minerals within the biochar rather than the carbon structure itself (Shepherd et al 2017;Joseph et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By incorporating mineral-rich feedstocks (Rawal et al 2016) or by coating biochar post pyrolysis with a mineral surface, such as those binding phosphate-P naturally in soils, e.g., iron and magnesium (hydr)oxides (Cui et al 2016;Micháleková-Richveisová et al 2017), the removal can be significantly increased, though actual verification of the performance outside of the laboratory has been limited. A laboratory and 3year lysimeter study investigating the effectiveness and efficiency of a magnetite-coated biochar demonstrated that losses of dissolved reactive P (DRP) were reduced by 62 (P < 0.05) and 32% (NS), respectively, from two organic soils (Riddle et al 2018). However, the laboratory-derived Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity (Q max ) was only 3.38 mg P g −1 biochar, which is dwarfed in comparison to values reported for biochars coated with magnesium (hydr)oxides, e.g., 239 mg P g −1 (Fang et al 2014) and 272 mg P g −1 (Zhang et al 2012), suggesting that such magnesium-coated biochars may be more effective in both the laboratory and potentially in field situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of biochar coated with magnesium (hydr)oxide on phosphorus leaching from organic and mineral soils

et al. 2018

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Purpose Recent research suggests that Swedish organic arable soils have been under-recognized as a potential source of phosphorus (P) loading to water bodies. The aim of this study was to compare P losses through leaching from organic and highfertility mineral soils. In addition, the effectiveness of a magnesium-salt-coated biochar applied below the topsoil as a mitigation strategy for reducing P losses was evaluated. Materials and methods Phosphorus leaching was measured from four medium-to high-P arable soils, two Typic Haplosaprists (organic 1 and 2), a Typic Hapludalf (sand), and an unclassified loam textured soil (loam), in a 17-month field study utilizing 90cm-long lysimeters. A magnesium-salt-coated biochar was produced and characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XPD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and X-ray adsorption (XANES) spectroscopy, and its phosphate adsorption capacity was determined at laboratory scale. It was also applied as a 3-cm layer, 27 cm below the soil surface of the same lysimeters and examined as a mitigation measure to reduce P leaching. Results and discussion Total-P loads from the 17-month, unamended lysimeters were in the order of organic 2 (1.2 kg ha −1) > organic 1 (1.0 kg ha −1) > sand (0.3 kg ha −1) > loam (0.2 kg ha −1). Macropore flow, humic matter competition for sorption sites, and fewer sorption sites likely caused higher P losses from the organic soils. Analysis by XRD and SEM revealed magnesium was primarily deposited as periclase (MgO) on the biochar surface but hydrated to brucite (Mg(OH) 2) in water. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity (Q max) of the coated biochar was 65.4 mg P g −1. Lysimeters produced mixed results, with a 74% (P < 0.05), 51% (NS), and 30% (NS) reduction in phosphate-P from the organic 1, organic 2, and sand, respectively, while P leaching increased by 230% (NS) from the loam. Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that P leached from organic arable soils can be greater than from mineral soils, and therefore, these organic soils require further investigation into reducing their P losses. Metal-enriched biochar, applied as an adsorptive layer below the topsoil, has the potential to reduce P losses from medium-to high-P organic soils but appear to be less useful in mineral soils.

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Section: Lysimeter Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Powder Diffraction (Xpd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Powder Diffraction (Xpd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of biochar coated with magnesium (hydr)oxide on phosphorus leaching from organic and mineral soils

et al. 2018

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A review of lysimeters from the perspective of measurement performance and intelligent development in China

Gao,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Irrigation and Drainage

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Lysimeters are critical instruments for studying infiltration, runoff and evapotranspiration processes in the hydrological cycle and play a critical role in promoting efficient water‐saving irrigation. This paper provides a systematic review of the development process and research status of lysimeters, progressing from simple to complex designs, from single instruments to clusters, and from manual measurement to intelligent monitoring. The working principles of various types of lysimeter were first described based on Chinese lysimeter patents over the past 20 years. Second, this paper analyses the measurement performance and application scope of different lysimeters and further studies the weighting stability of various weighing lysimeters. Third, by analysing sources of measurement error, the reliability improvement methods of lysimeters are analysed from the aspects of environment control and sensor compensation. Fourth, this paper reviews typical research on the automation and informatization of lysimeters and discusses future intelligent developments and application prospects for lysimeters in complex environments. Finally, the measurement performance of different lysimeters is analysed based on experimental data sets. This paper puts forward some suggestions for developing lysimeters with high performance, high efficiency and high reliability, hoping to promote the development of intelligent agriculture.

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Phosphate adsorption from wastewater using ZnAl-LDO-loaded modified banana straw biochar

Jiang

Deng

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Magnetite-coated biochar as a soil phosphate filter: From laboratory to field lysimeter

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Impact of biochar coated with magnesium (hydr)oxide on phosphorus leaching from organic and mineral soils

Impact of biochar coated with magnesium (hydr)oxide on phosphorus leaching from organic and mineral soils

A review of lysimeters from the perspective of measurement performance and intelligent development in China

Phosphate adsorption from wastewater using ZnAl-LDO-loaded modified banana straw biochar

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