Magnetoelastic Ribbons as Vibration Sensors for Real-Time Health Monitoring of Rotating Metal Beams

Samourgkanidis, Georgios; Kouzoudis, Dimitris

doi:10.3390/s21238122

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Then, the vibrating magnetoelastic element produces magnetic flux, which is picked up by a reception coil in a contact-less manner. Analyzing the signal's spectral characteristics draws conclusions on the dynamics of the magnetoelastic part and, obviously, of the underlying mechanical structure [17][18][19][20][21]. This one-coil-only setup is referred to as the passive setup and was also reviewed in [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Contact-Less Sensing and Fault Diagnosis Characteristics in Vibrating Thin Cantilever Beams with a MetGlas® 2826MB Ribbon

Sultana,

Davrados,

Dimogianopoulos

2024

Vibration

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The contact-less sensing and fault diagnosis characteristics induced by fixing short Metglas® 2826MB ribbons onto the surface of thin cantilever polymer beams are examined and statistically evaluated in this study. Excitation of the beam’s free end generates magnetic flux from the vibrating ribbon (fixed near the clamp side), which, via a coil suspended above the ribbon surface, is recorded as voltage with an oscilloscope. Cost-efficient design and operation are key objectives of this setup since only conventional equipment (coil, oscilloscope) is used, whereas filtering, amplification and similar circuits are absent. A statistical framework for extending past findings on the relationship between spectral changes in voltage and fault occurrence is introduced. Currently, different levels of beam excitation (within a frequency range) are shown to result in statistically different voltage spectral changes (frequency shifts). The principle is also valid for loads (faults) of different magnitudes and/or locations on the beam for a given excitation. Testing with either various beam excitation frequencies or different loads (magnitude/locations) at a given excitation demonstrates that voltage spectral changes are statistically mapped onto excitation levels or occurrences of distinct faults (loads). Thus, conventional beams may cost-efficiently acquire contact-less sensing and fault diagnosis capabilities using limited hardware/equipment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Contact-Less Sensing and Fault Diagnosis Characteristics in Vibrating Thin Cantilever Beams with a MetGlas® 2826MB Ribbon

Sultana,

Davrados,

Dimogianopoulos

2024

Vibration

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“…They offer several advantages, including low cost, the absence of a need for sophisticated and expensive electronic systems for interrogation (operating at low frequencies in the kHz range), and a contactless nature that eliminates the requirement for electric connections, as their signal relies solely on magnetic properties. Previous studies conducted by our laboratory successfully utilized these sensors for crack detection in aluminum cantilever beams [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless and Vibration-Based Damage Detection in Rectangular Cement Beams Using Magnetoelastic Ribbon Sensors

Tapeinos

Kamitsou

Dassios

et al. 2023

Sensors

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This study investigated the innovative use of magnetoelastic sensors to detect the formation of single cracks in cement beams under bending vibrations. The detection method involved monitoring changes in the bending mode spectrum when a crack was introduced. The sensors, functioning as strain sensors, were placed on the beams, and their signals were detected non-invasively using a nearby detection coil. The beams were simply supported, and mechanical impulse excitation was applied. The recorded spectra displayed three distinct peaks representing different bending modes. The sensitivity for crack detection was determined to be a 24% change in the sensing signal for every 1% decrease in beam volume due to the crack. Factors influencing the spectra were investigated, including pre-annealing of the sensors, which improved the detection signal. The choice of beam support material was also explored, revealing that steel yielded better results than wood. Overall, the experiments demonstrated that magnetoelastic sensors enabled the detection of small cracks and provided qualitative information about their location.

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“…Composite materials with a more complex structure are used for the measurement of bending forces, where magnetostrictive materials are placed on a substrate rather than the whole sensor being made from a ferromagnetic material [24]. Sensing vibrations is a typical use of such devices [25]. An indirectly used magnetoelastic effect to measure bending forces is presented in [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving Signal and Geometry Analysis of a Magnetoelastic Bending Mode Pressductor Type Sensor

Gans,

Molnár,

Kováč

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The paper deals with a brief overview of magnetoelastic sensors and magnetoelastic sensors used in general for sensing bending forces, either directly or sensing bent structures, and defines the current state of the art. Bulk magnetoelastic force sensors are usually manufactured from transformer sheets or amorphous alloys. In praxis, usually, a compressive force is sensed by bulk magnetoelastic sensors; however, in this paper, the sensor is used for the measurement of bending forces, one reason being that the effect of such forces is easily experimentally tested, whereas compressive forces acting on a single sheet make buckling prevention a challenge. The measurement of the material characteristics that served as inputs into a FEM simulation model of the sensor is presented and described. The used material was considered to be mechanically and magnetically isotropic and magnetically nonlinear, even though the real sheet showed anisotropic behavior to some degree. A sinusoidal magnetizing current waveform was used in the experimental part of this paper, which was created by a current source. The effects of various frequencies, amplitudes, and sensor geometries were tested. The experimental part of this paper studies the sensors’ RMS voltage changes to different loadings that bend the sheet out of its plane. The output voltage was the induced voltage in the secondary coil and was further analyzed to compute the linearity and sensitivity of the sensor at the specific current characteristic. It was found that for the given material, the most favorable operating conditions are obtained with higher frequency signals and higher excitation current amplitudes. The linearity of the sensor can be improved by placing the holes of the windings at different angles than 90° and by placing them further apart along the sheet’s length. The current source was created by a simple op-amp voltage-to-current source controlled by a signal generator, which created a stable waveform. It was found that transformer sheet bending sensors with the dimensions described in this paper are suitable for the measurement of small forces in the range of up to 2 N for the shorter sensors and approximately 0.2 N for the longer sensors.

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Magnetoelastic Ribbons as Vibration Sensors for Real-Time Health Monitoring of Rotating Metal Beams

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Evaluating Contact-Less Sensing and Fault Diagnosis Characteristics in Vibrating Thin Cantilever Beams with a MetGlas® 2826MB Ribbon

Evaluating Contact-Less Sensing and Fault Diagnosis Characteristics in Vibrating Thin Cantilever Beams with a MetGlas® 2826MB Ribbon

Contactless and Vibration-Based Damage Detection in Rectangular Cement Beams Using Magnetoelastic Ribbon Sensors

Driving Signal and Geometry Analysis of a Magnetoelastic Bending Mode Pressductor Type Sensor

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