Magnetoelectric Jones Dichroism in Atoms

Budker, Dmitry; Stalnaker, Jason

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.91.263901

Cited by 16 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…New effects of linear birefringence and dichroism, first described by Jones [26] and analyzed in [27,28], have been observed in liquids [29,30] and atomic gases [31]. Our analysis here is the straightforward extension of studying magneto-electric phenomena to the frequency mixing effects, determined by the interference of electric-and magnetic-field induced amplitudes in the cross section for coherent scattering of sum-frequency photons by atoms exposed to steady electric and magnetic fields.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 95%

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Magneto-electric effect on frequency mixing in atoms

Ovsiannikov¹,

Chernushkin²

2004

Laser Phys. Lett.

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Steady electric and magnetic fields can stimulate frequency mixing of two laser waves in ensemble of free atoms. In addition to coherence conditions, the steady fields may induce additional resonance singularities essentially enhancing the cross section for scattering the sum-frequency wave. Interference between different components of the electric-and magnetic-field induced frequency summation amplitudes may cause significant effects on the efficiency of conversion. The dependence on the incident wave polarization and the atomic resonance structure is calculated analytically for the frequency mixing in atoms with a singlet structure of the ground and resonance states. Numerical estimates for the quantitative characteristics of the effect are presented for helium, alkali-earth and mercury atoms in their ground n 1 S0-state in the case of the two-photon resonance on excited singlet states with angular momentum 0, 1, and 2.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 95%

“…These magneto-electric optical asymmetry, bilinear in the electric and magnetic field strengths, predicted [26], discussed [27] and intensely studied at present [28][29][30][31] in the linear optics, may evidently appear also in the frequency-mixing process.…”

Section: Polarization Effects On the Frequency-mixing Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Magneto-electric effect on frequency mixing in atoms

Ovsiannikov¹,

Chernushkin²

2004

Laser Phys. Lett.

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“…[18] can be employed upon substitution of r with M V m . In the case of a perfect gas at pressure P, r ¼ MP N a kT .…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16 Magnetoelectric Jones dichroism has also been discussed. [17][18][19] Rizzo and Coriani have identified the relevant response functions entering the expression for the birefringence. 20 The authors determined ab initio estimates of the observable, the anisotropy of the refractive index for the light polarized at +45 and -45 degrees with respect to the direction of polarization of the light in JB, in some atomic systems (He, Ne, Ar, Kr) and in a few linear molecules (H 2 , N 2 , C 2 H 2 , and CO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jones and magnetoelectric birefringence of pure substances — A computational study

2009

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We present the first investigation of condensed-phase effects on the Jones (and magnetoelectric) birefringence of a set of nondipolar (CCl 4 and CS 2 ) and dipolar (nitro-and chloro-benzene) molecules using a recent implementation of the polarizable continuum model for cubic response functions at the time-dependent density-functional level of theory. The condensed-phase calculations have been performed on the neat liquids of the sample molecules using a nonequilibrium solvation scheme to properly account for the solute-solvent interactions in the presence of a frequency-dependent electromagnetic field. It is demonstrated that the condensed-phase effects as modelled by the polarizable continuum model can be substantial, increasing the observable birefringence by more than sixty percent in the case of CCl4, and by a factor of more than three for CS2. Solvent effects are also substantial for the dipolar molecules, leading to an enhancement by a factor of roughly five for nitrobenzene and by a bit less than 30% for chlorobenzene. Comparison is made with the results of experiment. Our calculated anisotropies confirm that the effect is below current experimental detection limits for CCl4 and CS2. We compute Jones constants of the same order of magnitude as the upper limits given in experiment for nitro-and chlorobenzene.Résumé : Faisant appel à une récente implantation du modèle du continuum polarisable des fonctions cubiques de réponse au niveau dépendant du temps de la théorie de la fonctionnelle de densité, on a réalisé la première étude des effets d'une phase condensée sur la biréfringence de Jones (et magnétoélectrique) d'un ensemble de molécules dipolaires (nitro-et chlorobenzène) et d'autres qui ne le sont pas (CCl 4 et CS 2 ). Les calculs de phase condensée ont été effectués sur des liquides purs des molécules échantillonnées en utilisant un schéma de solvatation qui n'est pas en équilibre pour bien tenir compte des interactions soluté-solvant en présence d'un champ électromagnétique dépendant de la fréquence. On a démontré que les effets de phase condensée, tels que représentés par le modèle du continuum polarisable, peuvent être substantiels et augmenter la biréfringence observable par plus de soixante pour-cent dans le cas du tétrachlorure de carbone et par un facteur supérieur à trois pour le disulfure de carbone. Les effets de solvant sont aussi substantiels pour les molécules dipolaires; ils conduisent à des augmentations qui correspondent à un facteur pratiquement égal à cinq dans le cas du nitrobenzène et d'un peu moins de 30 % pour le chlorobenzène. Une comparaison est faite avec les résultats expérimentaux. Les anisotropies calculées confirment que, pour le CCl4 et le CS2 l'effet est inférieur aux limites actuelles de détection expérimentale. On a aussi calculé les constantes de Jones du même ordre de grandeur que les limites supérieures expérimentales pour le nitro-et le chlorobenzène.Mots-clés : biréfringence, propriétés optiques non linéaires, chimie théorique, théorie de la fonctionnelle de densit...

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“…A simple atomic system where transition amplitudes and interferences are well understood has proven useful for gaining insight into curious Jones dichroism effects that had been studied in condensed-matter systems at extreme conditions and whose origin had been a matter of debate (see Ref. [11] and references therein).…”

Section: Preliminary Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards measuring nuclear-spin-dependent and isotopic-chain atomic parity violation in ytterbium

Tsigutkin

Stalnaker

Budker

et al. 2007

Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop From Parity Violation to Hadronic Structure and More...

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Abstract. We discuss experiments aimed at measurements of atomic parity nonconservation (PNC) effects in the 6s 2 1 S0 → 5d6s 3 D1 transition (408 nm) in atomic Ytterbium (Z=70). According to theoretical predictions, the PNC-induced E1 amplitude of this transition is ∼ 100 times larger than the analogous amplitude in Cs. Such an experiment will determine differences in PNC effects between different hyperfine components for odd-neutron-number Yb isotopes and, thereby, will allow measurements of the nuclear anapole moments in nuclei with unpaired neutrons. In addition, measurements of PNC in different isotopes would give information on neutron distributions within the nuclei. The apparatus designed and built for this experiment is described, and results of measurements towards understanding of systematic effects influencing the accuracy, and the current status of the ongoing PNC measurements are presented.PACS. 32.80.Ys Weak-interaction effects in atoms -32.70.-n Intensities and shapes of atomic spectral lines -32.60.+i Zeeman and Stark effects

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Magnetoelectric Jones Dichroism in Atoms

Abstract: The authors suggest that atomic experiments measuring the interference between magnetic-dipole and electric-field-induced electric-dipole transition amplitudes provide a valuable system to study magnetoelectric Jones effects.

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Magneto-electric effect on frequency mixing in atoms

Magneto-electric effect on frequency mixing in atoms

Jones and magnetoelectric birefringence of pure substances — A computational study

Towards measuring nuclear-spin-dependent and isotopic-chain atomic parity violation in ytterbium

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