Magnetorheological elastomer base isolation in civil engineering: A review

Jin, Shida; Yang, Jian; Sun, Shuaishuai; Deng, Lei; Chen, Zexin; Gong, Lei; Du, Haiping; Li, Weihua

doi:10.1016/j.iintel.2023.100039

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…A compromise between these two is the semiactive VIs, offering improved performance without high energy consumption by featuring semi-active components with actively controllable characteristic parameters. The development of semiactive VIs has seen the integration of semi-active controllers such as variable damping dampers (Karnopp, 1995) and variable stiffness springs (Chen et al, 2022;Jin et al, 2023). With the advent of the semi-active inerter, it has also become an integral component of semi-active VIs.…”

Section: Vibration Isolators (Vis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-active inerters: a review of the literature

Tran,

Jin,

Deng

et al. 2024

Front. Mater.

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The inerter was introduced as a mechanical counterpart to the electrical capacitor, completing the force-current analogy. This is a one-port, two-terminal device in which the equal and opposite forces exerted at its terminals are proportional to the relative acceleration between them. Within this relationship, the “inertance” is the coefficient of proportionality and carries the unit of mass. This implies that the inerter can exert an inertial force at its terminals, effectively representing a virtual mass. Due to these properties, inerters have gained popularity, finding applications as components of vibration control systems and energy harvesters. Derived from passive inerters, semi-active inerters are integrated with active control systems to regulate their inertance. Since their introduction, semi-active inerters have been pivotal in situations demanding active monitoring of natural frequency or control force, generally outperforming their passive counterparts. While numerous significant reviews on passive inerters and their applications have been published in respected journals, dedicated literature reviews on semi-active inerters remain scarce. This review seeks to bridge this gap, offering a comprehensive literature review on semi-active inerters and highlighting research challenges and opportunities. Given the novelty of semi-active inerters, they present a fascinating area of study.

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Section: Vibration Isolators (Vis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-active inerters: a review of the literature

Tran,

Jin,

Deng

et al. 2024

Front. Mater.

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“…Moreover, iron particles (IPs) are added to the matrix to obtain magnetic sensitivity as well, sometimes, as reinforcing filler to obtain improved mechanical stiffness [2]. Such MREs are well known for their intelligent applications [3][4][5]. These are-(a) by controlling the strength of the magnetic field in MREs, the stiffness tuning makes them useful for dampers and isolators for automobiles; (b) MREs can be useful by integrating them into seals and joints which show mechanical responses to the external conditions; (c) due to the flexibility and softness of MREs, they are excellent candidates for robotics, wearable electronics, and flexible devices; (d) the MREs can be useful for designing smart orthopedic devices that can be applied to adaptive braces, implants and cushions; (e) the tuning stiffness properties of MREs under magnetic switching make them useful for civil engineering applications such as resilience structures against seismic or mechanical loads; and (f) the energy generation in MREs devices in which the mechanical vibrations or dynamic cyclic loadings are converted into useful voltage generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These iron particles have different morphologies, sizes, and a high density. Generally, the most frequently used are carbonyl iron particles with a spherical shape, size in microns, and density of around 7 g/cm 3 [13]. The high density of these iron particles remains a matter of concern, but generally settles down with time often in magnetic fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable Magneto-Mechanical Configurations with High Magnetic Sensitivity Based on “Gel-Type” Soft Rubber for Intelligent Applications

Kumar,

Park

2024

Gels

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“Gel-type” soft and stretchable magneto-mechanical composites made of silicone rubber and iron particles are in focus because of their high magnetic sensitivity, and intelligence perspective. The “intelligence” mentioned here is related to the “smartness” of these magneto-rheological elastomers (MREs) to tune the “mechanical stiffness” and “output voltage” in energy-harvesting applications by switching magnetic fields. Hence, this work develops “gel-type” soft composites based on rubber reinforced with iron particles in a hybrid with piezoelectric fillers such as barium titanate. A further aspect of the work relies on studying the mechanical stability of intelligence and the stretchability of the composites. For example, the stretchability was 105% (control), and higher for 158% (60 per 100 parts of rubber (phr) of barium titanate, BaTiO3), 149% (60 phr of electrolyte iron particles, EIP), and 148% (60 phr of BaTiO3 + EIP hybrid). Then, the magneto-mechanical aspect will be investigated to explore the magnetic sensitivity of these “gel-type” soft composites with a change in mechanical stiffness under a magnetic field. For example, the anisotropic effect was 14.3% (60 phr of EIP), and 4.4% (60 phr of hybrid). Finally, energy harvesting was performed. For example, the isotropic samples exhibit ~20 mV (60 phr of BaTiO3), ~5.4 mV (60 phr of EIP), and ~3.7 mV (60 phr of hybrid). However, the anisotropic samples exhibit ~5.6 mV (60 phr of EIP), and ~8.8 mV (60 phr of hybrid). In the end, the composites prepared have three configurations, namely one with electro-mechanical aspects, another with magnetic sensitivity, and a third with both features. Overall, the experimental outcomes will make fabricated composites useful for different intelligent and stretchable applications.

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“…17 These features give MAEs customizable magneto-mechanic properties, which make them ideal for high-tech applications. Recent implementations include the use of MAEs in precision control and adaptive vibration dampening, 18–23 soft robotics, 24–27 medical 28–31 and energy harvesting devices. 32–34…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%