Magnitude and Contributing Factors of Low Back Pain among Long Distance Truck Drivers at Modjo Dry Port, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background Low back pain (LBP) is well known as the most common musculoskeletal disorder with the lifetime prevalence of eighty percent. Worldwide, 37% of low back pain was attributable to occupational risk factors. Truck driving is one among the jobs causing occupational LBP. Even though these drivers in Ethiopia run the high risk of occupational injuries and illnesses like drivers elsewhere, the evidence that shows the magnitude and factors that contribute to LBP is a significant shortcoming. Objective To assess the magnitude and contributing factors of low back pain among long-distance truck drivers at Modjo Dry Port, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among systematically selected 422 long-distance truck drivers at Modjo Dry Port, Ethiopia, from February to March 2018. Data were collected through face-to-face individual interview using a structured questionnaire adapted from the standardized Nordic questionnaire for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms. The data were entered using EPI-DATA version 4.2.0.0 and cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software for windows. Binary logistic regression was computed to determine the association using crude and adjusted odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals. Independent variables with a P value less than 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression model were considered as significant. Results Of 400 truck drivers interviewed, the prevalence of LBP was found to be 65%. The study also found smoking cigarette (AOR = 2.24, 95% CI (1.25–4.01), and P=0.007), physical inactivity (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI (1.28–3.51), and P=0.003), chronic diseases other than LBP (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI (1.32–3.61), and P=0.002), frequent lifting or carrying heavy objects (AOR = 3.02, 95% CI (1.75–5.22), and P ≤ 0.001), perceived improper sitting posture while driving (AOR = 2.20, 95% CI (1.35–3.60), and P=0.002), and perceived job stress (AOR = 2.07, 95% CI (1.20–3.57), and P=0.009) were contributing factors of low back pain. Conclusion This finding shows the public health importance of low back pain among long-distance truck drivers in Ethiopia. Individual factors largely accounted for the development of low back pain; hence, orientation on these modifiable risk factors and regular follow-up on safety procedures should be considered to mitigate the problem.

Epidemiology of work-related musculo-skeletal disorders among adults in Ethiopia: a systematic review protocol

“…However, musculoskeletal disorders remain a major global health concern and an immense burden for LMICs like Ethiopia where health budgets are already constrained and channeled life-threatening conditions. Studies have shown that musculoskeletal pain prevalence among the working population in Ethiopia varies from 35% to 74.5% [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

STUDY PROTOCOL The prevalence and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among adults in Ethiopia: a study protocol for extending a systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies

“…Further, musculoskeletal disorders remain a major global health concern and an immense burden for LMICs like Ethiopia where health budgets are already constrained and channeled towards the life-threatening conditions. Studies have shown that musculoskeletal pain prevalence among the working population in Ethiopia varies from 35% to 74.5% [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal disorders among working adults in Ethiopia: a systematic review protocol

“…However, musculoskeletal disorders remain a major global health concern and an immense burden for LMICs like Ethiopia where health budgets are already constrained and channeled life-threatening conditions. Many individual studies have reported that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among the adult working population in Ethiopia varies from 35% to 74.5% [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”