Mahogany Wood-Waste Vinegar as Larvacide for Spodoptera litura

Abstract

The carbonization of lignocelullosic waste to obtain wood vinegar (WV) was investigated in this work. WV was used as a botanical insecticide against armyworm (Spodoptera litura), which is known as a major pest of soybean crops in Indonesia. This study includes the following: (i) the assessment of potential use of lignocellulosic waste from mahogany wooden-sandal home industry; (ii) the determination of the yield of various components of carbonization process, from each unit of the waste; and (iii) the application of the produced WV as larvicide on S. litura larvae in the laboratory. The experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design, and the observed variables included mortality and anti-feedant activity of S. litura larvae. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance with Duncan's multiple differences test. The results showed that the amount of wood waste generated at wooden-sandal craftsman level was 16.12%. Carbonization of 1,000 g of the wood waste yielded WV, tar, bio-oil, and char in quantities of 442.68 g, 36.5 g, 4.04 g, and 251 g, respectively. The treatment using WV concentration of 1.5% to 3.0% showed low larvacidal action, which gave LC50 value of 12.82%, but it had adequate anti-feedant activity.

Physico-chemical analysis of pyrolyzed bio-oil from swietenia macrophylla (mahogany) wood

“…Biomass holds promise as a good feedstock for generating liquid fuels in the imminent future (Demiral and Ayan, 2011; Ilknur et al., 2012; Donate, 2014; Joardder et al., 2015). Biomass particles can be converted into solid char, gases, and condensable pyrolytic vapour as advanced merit fuels (Witchakorn, 2015; Rahmat et al., 2015). However, at atmospheric pressure, pyrolysis can directly generate liquid fuels in the absence of oxygen in a reactor at temperature ranges of 400–600 °C.…”

“…For the purpose of this study, fast pyrolysis process was employed to extract bio-oil from mahogany ( Swietenia macrophylla) wood wastes which are among the most widely available biomass in the world (Maria et al., 2016; Bridgwater, 2018; Rahmat et al., 2015; Ogunsannwo et al., 2014). The pyrolysis was done at various yield temperatures followed by subsequent analysis of the products.…”

Characteristic of Liquid Smoke Produced From Slow Pyrolysis of Cacao Pod Shells (Theobroma Cacao L)

“…The pyrolysis duration of 20-30 minutes results in the maximum amount of liquid smoke volume before it starts decreasing, likely due to the decomposition of compounds contained within the cocoa shell. The degradation of organic compounds in the raw material is caused by the increase in the pyrolysis temperature [23]. The increase of temperature degraded cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which were then condensated into liquid smoke.…”

Fungicidal Action of Coconut Waste Liquid-Smoke on Citrus Fruit-Rot Pathogens (<i>Penicillium digitatum</i> and <i>Penicillium italicum</i>)

“…The waste takes a long time to decompose by microbiological and weather decomposition. Thus, the pyrolysis process of this waste will reduce its flow to the landfill [8].…”