Main cellular redox couples

Bilan, Dmitry S.; Shokhina, Arina G.; Lukyanov, Sergey; Belousov, Vsevolod V.

doi:10.1134/s1068162015040044

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(220 reference statements)

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“…NADPH/NADP, AsA (ascorbate)/DHA (dehydroascorbate) and GSH (glutathione)/GSSG (oxidized glutathione) are the three major intracellular redox couples which are widely involved in metabolism, signal transduction and transcriptional regulation of plants (May et al, 1998 ; Pollak et al, 2007a ; Bilan et al, 2015 ). Due to the vital roles of NADK in the conversion of NAD to NADP and the synthesis of NADPH, it firstly contributes to the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) in cells.…”

Section: Acting As the Key Players For The Response Of Higher Plants mentioning

confidence: 99%

NAD Kinases: Metabolic Targets Controlling Redox Co-enzymes and Reducing Power Partitioning in Plant Stress and Development

Wang

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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NAD(H) and NADP(H) are essential co-enzymes which dominantly control a number of fundamental biological processes by acting as reducing power and maintaining the intracellular redox balance of all life kingdoms. As the only enzymes that catalyze NAD(H) and ATP to synthesize NADP(H), NAD Kinases (NADKs) participate in many essential metabolic reactions, redox sensitive regulation, photosynthetic performance and also reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis of cells and therefore, play crucial roles in both development and stress responses of plants. NADKs are highly conserved enzymes in amino acid sequences but have multiple subcellular localization and diverse functions. They may function as monomers, dimers or multimers in cells but the enzymatic properties in plants are not well elucidated yet. The activity of plant NADK is regulated by calcium/calmodulin and plays crucial roles in photosynthesis and redox co-enzyme control. NADK genes are expressed in almost all tissues and developmental stages of plants with specificity for different members. Their transcripts can be greatly stimulated by a number of environmental factors such as pathogenic attack, irritant applications and abiotic stress treatments. Using transgenic approaches, several studies have shown that NADKs are involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic efficiency, oxidative stress protection, hormone metabolism and signaling regulation, and therefore contribute to the growth regulation and stress tolerance of plants. In this review, the enzymatic properties and functional mechanisms of plant NADKs are thoroughly investigated based on literature and databases. The results obtained here are greatly advantageous for further exploration of NADK function in plants.

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Section: Acting As the Key Players For The Response Of Higher Plants mentioning

confidence: 99%

NAD Kinases: Metabolic Targets Controlling Redox Co-enzymes and Reducing Power Partitioning in Plant Stress and Development

Wang

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…1−4 The participation of one proton in the two electron reduction of NAD + forms NADH, which returns to NAD + by releasing a hydride ion to another molecule. The NAD + /NADH reversible redox system is ubiquitous in biological processes that supply and transfer reducing power, 3,4 since NADH possesses the highest reducing ability of any biological reaction component. 1,4−6 The Hantzsch esters are known as catalysts used for the hydrogenation of organic molecules among the hydride donors intended for the functionalization of NADH as a nonmetal reductant.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemical Properties and Reactivity of a Ru Compound Containing an NAD/NADH-Functionalized 1,10-Phenanthroline Ligand

et al. 2016

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An NAD/NADH-functionalized ligand, benzo[b]pyrido[3,2-f][1,7]-phenanthroline (bpp), was newly synthesized. A Ru compound containing the bpp ligand, [Ru(bpp)(bpy)2](2+), underwent 2e(-) and 2H(+) reduction, generating the NADH form of the compound, [Ru(bppHH)(bpy)2](2+), in response to visible light irradiation in CH3CN/TEA/H2O (8/1/1). The UV-vis and fluorescent spectra of both [Ru(bpp)(bpy)2](2+) and [Ru(bppHH)(bpy)2](2+) resembled the spectra of [Ru(bpy)3](2+). Both complexes exhibited strong emission, with quantum yields of 0.086 and 0.031, respectively; values that are much higher than those obtained from the NAD/NADH-functionalized complexes [Ru(pbn)(bpy)2](2+) and [Ru(pbnHH)(bpy)2](2+) (pbn = (2-(2-pyridyl)benzo[b]-1.5-naphthyridine, pbnHH = hydrogenated form of pbn). The reduction potential of the bpp ligand in [Ru(bpp)(bpy)2](2+) (-1.28 V vs SCE) is much more negative than that of the pbn ligand in [Ru(pbn)(bpy)2](2+) (-0.74 V), although the oxidation potentials of bppHH and pbnHH are essentially equal (0.95 V). These results indicate that the electrochemical oxidation of the dihydropyridine moiety in the NADH-type ligand was independent of the π system, including the Ru polypyridyl framework. [Ru(bppHH)(bpy)2](2+) allowed the photoreduction of oxygen, generating H2O2 in 92% yield based on [Ru(bppHH)(bpy)2](2+). H2O2 production took place via singlet oxygen generated by the energy transfer from excited [Ru(bppHH)(bpy)2](2+) to triplet oxygen.

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“…The role of OsNADK1 in drought tolerance might be involved in its functions in maintaining the intracellular redox balance. As the three major intracellular redox couples, NADPH/NADP, ASA/DHA and GSH/GSSG appear to be the most important ones participating in environmental stress responses [31,32]. NADKs mainly contribute to NADP production in plant cells, and the resultant NADP could be rapidly reduced to NADPH by a series of NADPdependent dehydrogenases [30,[34][35][36].…”

Section: Osnadk1 Activity Affects the Intracellular Redox Balance In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three intracellular plant redox couples, namely, NADPH/NADP, reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and ascorbic acid (ASA)/dehydroascorbate (DHA), appear to play the most important roles in environmental stress responses [31,32]. In Pseudomonas fluorescens, NADK substantially enhances NADPH biosynthesis and thereby diminishes oxidative damage induced by environmental stress [33].…”

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confidence: 99%

The NAD kinase OsNADK1 affects the intracellular redox balance and enhances the tolerance of rice to drought

Wang

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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Background: NAD kinases (NADKs) are the only known enzymes that directly phosphorylate NAD(H) to generate NADP(H) in different subcellular compartments. They participate in multiple life activities, such as modulating the NADP/NAD ratio, maintaining the intracellular redox balance and responding to environmental stresses. However, the functions of individual NADK in plants are still under investigation. Here, a rice NADK, namely, OsNADK1, was identified, and its functions in plant growth regulation and stress tolerance were analysed by employing a series of transgenic plant lines. Results: OsNADK1 is a cytosol-localized NADK in rice. It was expressed in all rice tissues examined, and its transcriptional expression could be stimulated by a number of environmental stress treatments. Compared with wild-type (WT) rice, the mutant plant osnadk1 in which OsNADK1 was knocked out was a dwarf at the heading stage and had decreased NADP(H)/NAD(H), ascorbic acid (ASA)/dehydroascorbate (DHA) and reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratios, which led to increased oxidation states in the rice cells and sensitivity to drought. Moreover, certain stress-related genes showed differential expression patterns in osnadk1 under both normal growth and drought-stress conditions compared with WT. Among these genes, OsDREB1B and several WRKY family transcription factors, e.g., OsWRKY21 and OsWRKY42, showed correlated co-expression patterns with OsNADK1 in osnadk1 and the plants overexpressing or underexpressing OsNADK1, implying roles for these transcription factors in OsNADK1-mediated processes. In addition, overexpression of OsNADK1 enhanced the drought tolerance of rice plants, whereas loss of function of the gene reduced the tolerance. Furthermore, the proline content was dramatically increased in the leaves of the OsNADK1-overexpressing lines under drought conditions. Conclusions: Altogether, the results suggest that an OsNADK1-mediated intracellular redox balance is involved in the tolerance of rice plants to drought.

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Main cellular redox couples

Cited by 15 publications

References 192 publications

NAD Kinases: Metabolic Targets Controlling Redox Co-enzymes and Reducing Power Partitioning in Plant Stress and Development

NAD Kinases: Metabolic Targets Controlling Redox Co-enzymes and Reducing Power Partitioning in Plant Stress and Development

Photochemical Properties and Reactivity of a Ru Compound Containing an NAD/NADH-Functionalized 1,10-Phenanthroline Ligand

The NAD kinase OsNADK1 affects the intracellular redox balance and enhances the tolerance of rice to drought

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