Maintenance requirement and the net energy value of different diets for growth in pigs

Just, A.; Jørgensen, Henry; Fernández, José A.

doi:10.1016/0301-6226(83)90076-3

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The ef ciency tended to be lower (P ¾0.099) for the brous diet (0.63) than for the standard diet (0.66). This is in agreement with results obtained in a study on growing pigs which showed that the utilization of ME is highly in uenced by energy concentration which is in most cases caused by variation in DF or dietary fat (Just et al, 1983). By extrapolating ME to zero energy retention, a maintenance requirement was calculated as ME maintenance:BW 0.7 5 ¾(262: 0.65) ¾ 406 kJ per BW 0.7 5 per day.…”

Section: Energy Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of Dietary Fibre on Digestibility and Energy Metabolism in Pregnant Sows

Olesen¹,

Jørgensen²,

Danielsen³

2001

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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This study was undertaken to provide information on the effect of two levels of dietary bre (DF) [184 vs. 407 g DF kg ¼ 1 dry matter (DM)] on the digestibility of nutrients and energy metabolism in pregnant sows during different stages of pregnancy. The amount of DF in the high-bre diet was supplied by dried sugar beet pulp (20%) and oats, wheat bran and grass pellets. The intake of metabolizable energy (ME) was similar for both the low-bre and the highbre diet, with an average daily intake of 30.74 MJ. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, protein, fat and energy was signi cantly decreased by a high DF level, but no effect of the diets was observed on the stage of pregnancy. A high bre level signi cantly increased the digestibility of DF, indicating that bre from sugar beet pulp is more fermentable than bre from cereals. Protein utilization increased during the pregnancy, but at a very low level, indicating that the protein level in diets for pregnant sows could be lower. Inclusion of extra DF in the diet signi cantly increased the amount of energy excreted as CH 4 . Heat production was affected by diet, although not signi cantly (28.77 vs. 29.72 MJ day ¼ 1 in the low-bre and highbre diets, respectively). The utilization of ME for energy retention was lower for the high-bre diet as a result of increased hind-gut fermentation. There was similar relation between the net energy of the standard and the high-bre diet either calculated using the ofcial Danish feed evaluation (0.77) or experimental estimated value (0.81).

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Section: Energy Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of Dietary Fibre on Digestibility and Energy Metabolism in Pregnant Sows

Olesen¹,

Jørgensen²,

Danielsen³

2001

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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“…The meat and bone meal samples analyzed in the present study had a somewhat higher crude fat content than those reported by others (Erixon, 1982;Just et al, 1982;Knabe et al, 1989). The content of CP and essential amino acids, particularly that of lysine, decreased with increasing ash content, as expected (Just et al, 1982;Bruyer et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Additionally, they provide a source of energy and minerals, particularly calcium and phosphorus. However, the chemical composition and nutritive value of meat and bone meals are highly variable, depending on the quality of raw material that is processed (Just et al, 1982., Bruyer et al, 1990Skilton et al, 1991) and processing conditions (Batterham et al, 1986;Knabe et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally accepted that the digestibility of dietary nutrients and energy is improved with increasing body weight (Roth & Kirchgessner, 1984). In addition, sows have been shown to digest energy, CP, and particularly crude fat of meat and bone meal, more efficiently than growing pigs (Just et al, 1982;Fernlndez et al, 1986). Therefore, the digestibility coeficients obtained in the preliminary experiment with finishing pigs may be too high for growing pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Ash Content on the Nutritive Value of Meat and Bone Meal for Growing Pigs

Partanen

1994

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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The effcct of ash content on the nutritive value of meat and bone meal for growing pigs. Accepted October 25, 1993. Acta Agric. Scand., Sect. A, Animal Sci. 41: 152-159, 1991. 0 Acta Agric. Scand. 1994.A balance experiment was conducted with 9 barrows at live weight from 25 to 75 kg. The experiment had a 9 x 6 cyclic change-over design and the treatments were arranged factorially. The factors were three protein sources: soya bean meal (SBM), low ash meat and bone meal [MBL, 208 g ash/kg dry matter (DM)], and high ash meat and bone meal (MBH, 330 g a s h k g DM); and three protein supplementation levels: 20, 45 and 70 g crude protein/kg DM. The apparent digestibility of crude protein was SBM 0.897, MBL 0.755 and MBH 0.748. The nitrogen (N) retention increased linearly (p

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“…Accordingly, increasing neutral-detergent fibre levels in the diet of pigs was associated with decreasing digestibilities of neutral-detergent fibre, cellulose and hemicellulose, but the magnitude of this effect was related to the fibre source (Stanogias & Pearce, 1985). There are conflicting results in the literature on whether feeding levels affect the digestibilities of fibre and nutrients in pigs (Just et al 1983;Roth & Kirchgessner, 1984). Digestibilities of neutral-detergent fibre were improved when the body weight of pigs increased from 45 to 100 and 150 kg (Shi & Noblet, 1994).…”

Section: Conventional Rats As a Model For Total Tract Digestibility Imentioning

confidence: 99%

The rat as a model for pigs: comparative values for the digestibility of NSP and other macronutrients

Wisker

Knudsen

2003

Br J Nutr

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The present investigation was undertaken to study whether conventional male Wistar rats could be used as a model for pigs with regard to total tract digestibilities of NSP and macronutrients and whether nebacitin-treated rats could be used as a model for small intestinal digestibility in pigs. Nineteen experimental diets prepared from different fractions of wheat and oats, and which all had been evaluated in experiments with ileal cannulated pigs, were used for the present study. There was a close relationship between the total tract digestibilities of organic matter in the two species. The same was the case with regard to the digestibility of total NSP and arabinoxylans, but the values were on average 6 % lower in rats than in pigs. On average, there were no significant differences between rats and pigs with regard to faecal protein digestibility. However, protein in oat-based diets was significantly better digested in the rat than the pig. The digestibility of fat was consistently higher in rats than in pigs, with the biggest difference being found in oat-based diets, in which most of the fat was locked in cell structures. For the wheat-based diets, in which a large proportion of the fat was present as added fat, there was a greater similarity between the two species. In nebacitin-treated rats the digestibility of organic matter, starch, protein and fat was negatively related to the dietary level of NSP, but this model could not be used to predict the small intestinal digestibility of NSP and macronutrients in ileal-cannulated pigs.Digestibility: Non-starch polysaccharides: Protein: Fat: Pigs: RatsThe laboratory rat has been widely used to investigate basic principles of nutrition in single-stomached animals. In contrast to human nutrition, however, the use of rats as models in pig nutrition is less well accepted, because it is relatively easy to obtain results from the pig itself. The great value of the rat as a model lies in the economic factors associated with facilities and time, which allows the use of large numbers of animals and a rapid production of results.The digestibility of energy and protein in the pig and rat is highly correlated for several diets (Eggum, 1973;Eggum et al. 1982), indicating that the rat may be a good model for pigs for these variables. However, it is less clear whether rats are also suitable models for pigs with regard to the digestibility of other nutrients and the fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates, primarily as NSP, by the gut microflora. Like the pig, rats harbour a permanent bacterial flora in the stomach and small intestine, and similar groups of bacteria were found in the large intestine of both species (Jensen, 1992). However, there are obvious differences between rats and pigs that may be of importance for the microbial fermentation. The relative size of the caecum in rats is bigger than in pigs and the rat may practise coprophagy. Further, the rat is a small animal with a faster transit through the gut, and this can reduce bacterial polysaccharide breakdown co...

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Maintenance requirement and the net energy value of different diets for growth in pigs

Cited by 45 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of Dietary Fibre on Digestibility and Energy Metabolism in Pregnant Sows

Effect of Dietary Fibre on Digestibility and Energy Metabolism in Pregnant Sows

The Effect of Ash Content on the Nutritive Value of Meat and Bone Meal for Growing Pigs

The rat as a model for pigs: comparative values for the digestibility of NSP and other macronutrients

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