Maize bundle sheath chloroplasts - a unique model of permanent State 2

Rogowski, Paweł; Wasilewska-Dębowska, Wioleta; Urbán, A; Romanowska, Elżbieta

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.07.012

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The content of PSII is low in the agranal BS membranes, but PSII is a functional dimer with LHCII antennas and dominates the PSI complex. We also showed in a study [ 66 ] that LHCII antennas in BS chloroplasts are connected to PSI independent of light conditions, forming PSI–LHCI–LHCII supercomplex, and hence they may optimize cyclic electron flow and ATP production. Furthermore, mesophyll and BS chloroplasts use different mechanisms for adjusting and optimizing their functions, depending on the optimal or adverse irradiance conditions prevailing during growth, and these mechanisms are associated with different levels of light penetration across the leaf [ 14 ].…”

Section: Thylakoid Nitrogen Costsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Transcriptome and metabolome profiling in maize seedlings [ 27 ] showed that low-N conditions reduced the level of phosphatases and contributed to improved binding of phosphate in organic compounds. Rogowski et al [ 66 ] found that adjustment of light absorption and distribution between both photosystems in mesophyll and BS chloroplasts of maize is related to the organization of supercomplexes, according to the phosphorylation level. The level of LHCII phosphorylation was almost identical under different light intensities in BS thylakoids, whereas it decreased in mesophyll cells with the increase in light intensity.…”

Section: Nitrogen Level and Light Intensity Affect The Amount And Activity Of Nitrate Reductase (Nr) And Nitrite Reductase (Nir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding Maize Response to Nitrogen Limitation in Different Light Conditions for the Improvement of Photosynthesis

Urbán

Rogowski

Wasilewska-Dębowska

et al. 2021

Plants

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The photosynthetic capacity of leaves is determined by their content of nitrogen (N). Nitrogen involved in photosynthesis is divided between soluble proteins and thylakoid membrane proteins. In C4 plants, the photosynthetic apparatus is partitioned between two cell types: mesophyll cells and bundle sheath. The enzymes involved in the C4 carbon cycle and assimilation of nitrogen are localized in a cell-specific manner. Although intracellular distribution of enzymes of N and carbon assimilation is variable, little is known about the physiological consequences of this distribution caused by light changes. Light intensity and nitrogen concentration influence content of nitrates in leaves and can induce activity of the main enzymes involved in N metabolism, and changes that reduce the photosynthesis rate also reduce photosynthetic N use efficiency. In this review, we wish to highlight and discuss how/whether light intensity can improve photosynthesis in maize during nitrogen limitation. We described the general regulation of changes in the main photosynthetic and nitrogen metabolism enzymes, their quantity and localization, thylakoid protein abundance, intracellular transport of organic acids as well as specific features connected with C4 photosynthesis, and addressed the major open questions related to N metabolism and effects of light on photosynthesis in C4 plants.

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Section: Thylakoid Nitrogen Costsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Nitrogen Level and Light Intensity Affect The Amount And Activity Of Nitrate Reductase (Nr) And Nitrite Reductase (Nir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Maize Response to Nitrogen Limitation in Different Light Conditions for the Improvement of Photosynthesis

Urbán

Rogowski

Wasilewska-Dębowska

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Reduced plastoquinone is a signal that activates Stn7 kinase, which phosphorylates LHCII antenna systems. Presumably, the NDH complex and its functioning can maintain a certain pool of antenna phosphorylated under all conditions, allowing an even distribution of incoming light energy, efficient cyclic transport of electrons, and ATP production [ 40 ], as it occurs in chloroplasts of the maize bundle sheath cells with permanent state 2 (explained below) [ 41 ].…”

Section: Ways Of Light Energy Utilization: Balanced Distribution Betw...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Illumination conditions, which lead to an excess excitation of photosystem II (PSII), compared to photosystem I (PSI), induce a transition to state 2, in which the more absorbed excitation energy is diverted to PSI because the phosphorylated LHCII antennas are associated with PSI [ 64 ]. State transitions act as a mechanism to balance the excitation of the two photosystems under changing light regimes [ 41 ].…”

Section: Ways Of Light Energy Utilization: Balanced Distribution Betw...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In M chloroplasts, the state transition occurs in a classical way, and depending on the light conditions, the LHCII systems are attached to PSII or PSI. In BS chloroplasts, a permanent state 2 was observed ( Figure 5 ), in which a certain pool of LHCII antennas remains attached to the PSI, regardless of light conditions, even at high intensities of far red, which preferentially excites PSI [ 41 ]. This can be crucial in regulating cyclic electron transport and making it work more efficiently, allowing the production of higher amounts of ATP.…”

Section: Ways Of Light Energy Utilization: Balanced Distribution Betw...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Light Reactions of Photosynthesis in C4 Plants Are Optimized and Protected under High Light Conditions

Wasilewska-Dębowska

Zienkiewicz

Drożak

2022

IJMS

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Most C4 plants that naturally occur in tropical or subtropical climates, in high light environments, had to evolve a series of adaptations of photosynthesis that allowed them to grow under these conditions. In this review, we summarize mechanisms that ensure the balancing of energy distribution, counteract photoinhibition, and allow the dissipation of excess light energy. They secure effective electron transport in light reactions of photosynthesis, which will lead to the production of NADPH and ATP. Furthermore, a higher content of the cyclic electron transport components and an increase in ATP production are observed, which is necessary for the metabolism of C4 for effective assimilation of CO2. Most of the data are provided by studies of the genus Flaveria, where species belonging to different metabolic subtypes and intermediate forms between C3 and C4 are present. All described mechanisms that function in mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts, into which photosynthetic reactions are divided, may differ in metabolic subtypes as a result of the different organization of thylakoid membranes, as well as the different demand for ATP and NADPH. This indicates that C4 plants have plasticity in the utilization of pathways in which efficient use and dissipation of excitation energy are realized.

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Photosynthesis and organization of maize mesophyll and bundle sheath thylakoids of plants grown in various light intensities

Rogowski

Wasilewska-Dębowska

Krupnik

et al. 2019

Environmental and Experimental Botany

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Maize bundle sheath chloroplasts - a unique model of permanent State 2

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Understanding Maize Response to Nitrogen Limitation in Different Light Conditions for the Improvement of Photosynthesis

Understanding Maize Response to Nitrogen Limitation in Different Light Conditions for the Improvement of Photosynthesis

How Light Reactions of Photosynthesis in C4 Plants Are Optimized and Protected under High Light Conditions

Photosynthesis and organization of maize mesophyll and bundle sheath thylakoids of plants grown in various light intensities

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