Maize NPF6 Proteins Are Homologs of Arabidopsis CHL1 That Are Selective for Both Nitrate and Chloride

Wen, Zhengyu; Tyerman, Stephen D.; Dechorgnat, Julie; Ovchinnikova, Evgenia; Dhugga, Kanwarpal S.; Kaiser, Brent N.

doi:10.1105/tpc.16.00724

Cited by 99 publications

(130 citation statements)

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“…Monocots and eudicots differ in the number of their NRT1.1 genes, with grass species typically having three to four NRT1.1 members and most eudicot species having only one NRT1.1 gene (Plett et al, 2010). Recently, Wen et al (2017) reported that two putative homologs of AtNRT1.1 (AtNPF6.3) in maize (Zea mays ssp mays), ZmNPF6.4 and ZmNPF6.6, display distinct substrates affinity for nitrate and chloride, indicating a possible functional divergence among different members of the NRT1.1 family in grasses. However, the biological functions and the possible divergence of the NRT1.1 genes in grass species remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice

et al. 2018

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Nitrogen (N) is a major driving force for crop yield improvement, but application of high levels of N delays flowering, prolonging maturation and thus increasing the risk of yield losses. Therefore, traits that enable utilization of high levels of N without delaying maturation will be highly desirable for crop breeding. Here, we show that OsNRT1.1A (OsNPF6.3), a member of the rice (Oryza sativa) nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family, is involved in regulating N utilization and flowering, providing a target to produce high yield and early maturation simultaneously. OsNRT.1A has functionally diverged from previously reported NRT1.1 genes in plants and functions in upregulating the expression of N utilization-related genes not only for nitrate but also for ammonium, as well as flowering-related genes. Relative to the wild type, osnrt1.1a mutants exhibited reduced N utilization and late flowering. By contrast, overexpression of OsNRT1.1A in rice greatly improved N utilization and grain yield, and maturation time was also significantly shortened. These effects were further confirmed in different rice backgrounds and also in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our study paves a path for the use of a single gene to dramatically increase yield and shorten maturation time for crops, outcomes that promise to substantially increase world food security.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice

et al. 2018

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“…In Arabidopsis thaliana, the founding member of the NPF family, known as NPF6.3/NRT1.1/CHL1 (Tsay et al, 1993), is an exception because it has been demonstrated to behave as a dual affinity transporter (Liu et al, 1999) (Ho and Frommer, 2014). Later, this property has been demonstrated for NPF6 subfamily member in other species: in Medicago truncatula for MtNRT1.3/MtNPF6.8 (Morere-Le Paven et al, 2011) and in maize for ZmNPF6.6 (Wen et al, 2017). NPF6.3/NRT1.1/CHL1 switches between low-and high-affinity depending on the phosphorylation state of the threonine 101 (T101) that is monitored by the CIPK23 kinase and its regulating partner CBL9 (Liu and Tsay, 2003;Ho et al, 2009): the HATS mode is mediated by NPF6.3 transporters phosphorylated on T101.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Lowering pH strongly increased the accumulation demonstrating a positive effect of H + on nitrate uptake. Since several anion transporters are able to transport nitrate as well as chloride, as ZmNPF6.4 and 6.6 (Wen et al, 2017), we then remove the chloride from the external solutions and replace it by gluconate. Nitrate accumulation in both conditions is very similar suggesting that chloride is not transported by NPF6.3 ( Fig.2B).…”

Section: Npf63/nrt11 a Low Affinity Nitrate Transportermentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the functional properties of NPF6.3/NRT1.1/CHL1 in xenopus oocytes

Noguero

Léran

Bouguyon

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Within the Arabidopsis NPF proteins, most of the characterized nitrate transporters are low-affinity transporters, whereas the functional characterization of NPF6.3/NRT1.1 has revealed interesting transport properties: the transport of nitrate and auxin, the eletrogenicity of the nitrate transport and a dual-affinity transport behavior for nitrate depending on external nitrate concentration. However, some of these properties remained controversial and were challenged here. We functionally express WT NPF6.3/NRT1.1 and some of its mutant in Xenopus oocytes and used a combination of uptake experiments using 15 N-labelled nitrate and two-electrode voltage-clamp. In our experimental conditions in xenopus oocytes, in the presence or in the absence of external chloride, NPF6.3/NRT1.1 behaves as a non-electrogenic and pure low-affinity transporter. Moreover, further functional characterization of a NPF6.3/NRT1.1 point mutant, P492L, allowed us to hypothesize that NPF6.3/NRT1.1 is regulated by internal nitrate concentration and that the internal perception site involves the P492 residue.. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/244467 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Feb. 26, 2018; Characterization of NPF6.3 in xenopus oocytes 2 Most nitrogen enters the food chain by plants. As a consequence, understanding nitrogen uptake and assimilation in plants is of major importance to increase nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Nitrate is one of the most important nitrogen sources for plants in both natural and agricultural systems. Uptake of nitrate by plant roots has been studied in different species and the following scheme is commonly accepted; there are inducible or constitutive high affinity transport systems (iHATS and cHATS) and low affinity transport systems (iLATS and cLATS) responsible for nitrate transport in low (<0.5 mM) and high external nitrate concentrations (>0.5 mM), respectively. Most of the HATS is supported by members of the NRT2 transporter family (Krapp et al., 2014): NRT2.1, 2.2, 2.4 and 2.5 (Noguero and Lacombe, 2016); whereas LATS is supported by members of the NPF transporter family (Léran et al., 2014; Corratgé-Faillie and Lacombe, 2017). In Arabidopsis thaliana, the founding member of the NPF family, known as NPF6.3/NRT1.1/CHL1 (Tsay et al., 1993), is an exception because it has been demonstrated to behave as a dual affinity transporter (Liu et al., 1999)(Ho and Frommer, 2014) (Parker and Newstead, 2014; Sun et al., 2014; Sun and Zheng, 2015). In addition to nitrate influx, NPF6.3 can also mediate nitrate-efflux from cells (Leran et al., 2013). Moreover, the role of NPF6.3 is not limited to nitrate transport, this protein also plays an important role in nitrate sensing (Bouguyon et al., 2012(Bouguyon et al., , 2015, by mediating auxin transport (Munos et al., 2004; Remans et al., 2006; Ho et al., 2009; Krouk et al., 2010; Gojon et al., 2...

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“…Decades ago, active Cl − transporters such as Cl − /2H + symporters and passive Cl − influx/efflux channels in the plasma membrane of the root epidermis were identified using electrophysiological approaches [28], but to date, the corresponding candidate genes remain unknown. A previous study on Zea mays proposed that ZmNPF6.4 is likely a component of the plant root Cl − uptake system, as ZmNPF6.4 is a plasma membrane-localized, proton-coupled, chloride-selective transporter in root epidermal cells [29]. However, the transcriptional responses of NPF6.4 in plants to salt stress have not been investigated.…”

Section: The Possible Molecular Basis Underlying CL − Transport In Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Candidate Genes Involved in the Salt Tolerance of the Xerophyte Pugionium cornutum

Cui

Wang

Yang

et al. 2019

Genes

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The xerophyte Pugionium cornutum adapts to salt stress by accumulating inorganic ions (e.g., Cl − ) for osmotic adjustment and enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, but the associated molecular basis remains unclear. In this study, we first found that P. cornutum could also maintain cell membrane stability due to its prominent ROS-scavenging ability and exhibits efficient carbon assimilation capacity under salt stress. Then, the candidate genes associated with the important physiological traits of the salt tolerance of P. cornutum were identified through transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that after 50 mM NaCl treatment for 6 or 24 h, multiple genes encoding proteins facilitating Cl − accumulation and NO 3 − homeostasis, as well as the transport of other major inorganic osmoticums, were significantly upregulated in roots and shoots, which should be favorable for enhancing osmotic adjustment capacity and maintaining the uptake and transport of nutrient elements; a large number of genes related to ROS-scavenging pathways were also significantly upregulated, which might be beneficial for mitigating salt-induced oxidative damage to the cells. Meanwhile, many genes encoding components of the photosynthetic electron transport pathway and carbon fixation enzymes were significantly upregulated in shoots, possibly resulting in high carbon assimilation efficiency in P. cornutum. Additionally, numerous salt-inducible transcription factor genes that probably regulate the abovementioned processes were found. This work lays a preliminary foundation for clarifying the molecular mechanism underlying the adaptation of xerophytes to harsh environments.

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Maize NPF6 Proteins Are Homologs of Arabidopsis CHL1 That Are Selective for Both Nitrate and Chloride

Cited by 99 publications

References 67 publications

Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice

Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice

Revisiting the functional properties of NPF6.3/NRT1.1/CHL1 in xenopus oocytes

Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Candidate Genes Involved in the Salt Tolerance of the Xerophyte Pugionium cornutum

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