Maize Oxalyl-CoA Decarboxylase1 Degrades Oxalate and Affects the Seed Metabolome and Nutritional Quality

Yang, Jun; Fu, Miaomiao; Chen, Ji; Huang, Yongcai; Wu, Yongrui

doi:10.1105/tpc.18.00266

Cited by 46 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…were significantly downregulated in fl3 and smk7;fl3 endosperm. The o5, o11, ocd1, and nkd1 mutants have kernels with an opaque endosperm, which is consistent with the fl3 and smk7;fl3 phenotype (Myers et al, 2011;Yi et al, 2015;Feng et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2018). O7 expression was significantly upregulated in the fl3 and smk7;fl3 endosperm, and o7 also has an opaque endosperm (Wang et al, 2011).…”

Section: Rnapiii Affects Storage Reserve Filling In Maize Kernelsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…O7 expression was significantly upregulated in the fl3 and smk7;fl3 endosperm, and o7 also has an opaque endosperm (Wang et al, 2011). Notably, OCD1 acts downstream of O7 and encodes oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase, which catalyzes the breakdown of oxalyl-CoA into formyl-CoA and CO 2 (Yang et al, 2018). We observed that genes involved in oxoacid metabolism were significantly enriched in fl3 DEGs (Fig.…”

Section: Rnapiii Affects Storage Reserve Filling In Maize Kernelmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Loss of Function of an RNA Polymerase III Subunit Leads to Impaired Maize Kernel Development

et al. 2020

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Kernel size is an important factor determining grain yield. Although a number of genes affecting kernel development in maize (Zea mays) have been identified by analyzing kernel mutants, most of the corresponding mutants cannot be used in maize breeding programs due to low germination or incomplete seed development. Here, we characterized small kernel7, a recessive small-kernel mutant with a mutation in the gene encoding the second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase III (RNAPΙΙΙ; NRPC2). A frame shift in ZmNRPC2 leads to a premature stop codon, resulting in significantly reduced levels of transfer RNAs and 5S ribosomal RNA, which are transcribed by RNAPΙΙΙ. Loss-of-function nrpc2 mutants created by CRISPR/CAS9 showed significantly reduced kernel size due to altered endosperm cell size and number. ZmNRPC2 affects RNAPIII activity and the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and endoreduplication to control kernel development via physically interacting with RNAPIII subunits RPC53 and AC40, transcription factor class C1 and Floury3. Notably, unlike the semidominant negative mutant floury3, which has defects in starchy endosperm, small kernel7 only affects kernel size but not the composition of kernel storage proteins. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular network underlying maize kernel size, which could facilitate the genetic improvement of maize in the future.

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Section: Rnapiii Affects Storage Reserve Filling In Maize Kernelsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Rnapiii Affects Storage Reserve Filling In Maize Kernelmentioning

confidence: 76%

Loss of Function of an RNA Polymerase III Subunit Leads to Impaired Maize Kernel Development

et al. 2020

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“…Mutations either reducing zein protein synthesis or altering its deposition in PBs also create an opaque phenotype in the mature endosperm. Besides these mutations that directly affect starch and PB synthesis, there are many others that indirectly affect their synthesis and cause an opaque endosperm phenotype 26 – 28 . Evidence from these studies support the hypothesis that the number of PBs, the organization of zein proteins within them, and their interaction with SGs are essential factors for vitreous endosperm formation 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids modulate kernel texture in maize by influencing amyloplast envelope integrity

et al. 2020

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The mechanism that creates vitreous endosperm in the mature maize kernel is poorly understood. We identified Vitreous endosperm 1 (Ven1) as a major QTL influencing this process. Ven1 encodes β-carotene hydroxylase 3, an enzyme that modulates carotenoid composition in the amyloplast envelope. The A619 inbred contains a nonfunctional Ven1 allele, leading to a decrease in polar and an increase in non-polar carotenoids in the amyloplast. Coincidently, the stability of amyloplast membranes is increased during kernel desiccation. The lipid composition in endosperm cells in A619 is altered, giving rise to a persistent amyloplast envelope. These changes impede the gathering of protein bodies and prevent them from interacting with starch grains, creating air spaces that cause an opaque kernel phenotype. Genetic modifiers were identified that alter the effect of Ven1A619, while maintaining a high β-carotene level. These studies provide insight for breeding vitreous kernel varieties and high vitamin A content in maize.

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“…pCAMBIA1300-35S-GFP vector not containing the ZmMdh4 gene was used as the free GFP control (35S::GFP). The 35S::GFP and 35S::ZmMDH4:GFP constructs were transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) leaves and Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts as described by Li et al (2017) and Yang et al (2018). GFP signal was observed and imaged using a confocal microscope (FV1000, Olympus).…”

Section: Subcellular Localization Of Zmmdh4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 4 modulates cellular energetics and storage reserve accumulation in maize endosperm

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2020

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is a key enzyme that regulates the interconversion between malate and oxaloacetate (OAA). However, its role in modulating storage compound accumulation in maize endosperm is largely unknown. Here, we characterized a novel naturally occurring maize mdh4-1 mutant, which produces small, opaque kernels and exhibits reduced starch but enhanced lysine content. Map-based cloning, functional complementation and allelism analyses identified ZmMdh4 as the causal gene. Enzymatic assays demonstrated that ZmMDH4 predominantly catalyses the conversion from OAA to malate. In comparison, the activity of the mutant enzyme, which lacks one glutamic acid (Glu), was completed abolished, demonstrating that the Glu residue was essential for ZmMDH4 function. Knocking down ZmMdh4 in vivo led to a substantial metabolic shift towards glycolysis and a dramatic disruption in the activity of the mitochondrial complex I, which was correlated with transcriptomic alterations. Taken together, these results demonstrate that ZmMdh4 regulates the balance between mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, ATP production and endosperm development, through a yet unknown feedback regulatory mechanism in mitochondria.

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Maize Oxalyl-CoA Decarboxylase1 Degrades Oxalate and Affects the Seed Metabolome and Nutritional Quality

Cited by 46 publications

References 64 publications

Loss of Function of an RNA Polymerase III Subunit Leads to Impaired Maize Kernel Development

Loss of Function of an RNA Polymerase III Subunit Leads to Impaired Maize Kernel Development

Carotenoids modulate kernel texture in maize by influencing amyloplast envelope integrity

Cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 4 modulates cellular energetics and storage reserve accumulation in maize endosperm

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