Major causes of lung and liver condemnation and associated risk factors in cattle slaughtered at Hawassa Municipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

The study was conducted from November, 2013 to March, 2014 at Hawassa municipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia with the aim of identifying the major causes of liver and lung condemnation and assessing possible risk factors associated with organ condemnation. Standard ante-mortem and post-mortem procedures were followed throughout the study and abnormalities were recorded. A total of 399 cattle were considered for ante mortem and post-mortem examination by systematic random sampling technique. In ante mortem inspection the most commonly encountered abnormalities were 3 (0.75%) lameness, 4 (1%) nasal discharge, 2 (0.5%) skin lesions and 4 (1%) rough hair coat. During post mortem inspection, 224 (56.1%) of lungs were condemned due to hydatidosis, calcification, emphysema and marbling and 207 (51.8%) of livers were condemned due to fasciolosis, hydatidosis, calcification, hardening and haemorrhage. The condemnation rate of lung with respect to each risk factor was found to be 35.3, 0.78, 9.7 and 10% for hydatidosis, calcification, emphysema and marbling, respectively. The condemnation rate of liver with respect to each risk factor was also found to be 20.5, 17.2, 4.2, 10.2 and 0.5% for fasciolosis, hydatidosis, hardening, calcification and hemorrhage, respectively. The study indicated that hydatidosis (35.5%) for lung and fasciolosis (20.7%) for liver were the major cause of condemnation, respectively. Many risk factors such as age, body condition, origin and breed of animal determined liver and lung condemnation rate. But among these only body condition showed statistically significant difference (x 2 = 11.524, P=0.003) with condemnation rate of each organ. The results of this study showed that condemnation of liver and lungs at the abattoir is very high, thereby preventive measure need to be designed to overcome further loss by applying appropriate treatment control and preventive measures of slaughter animals.

Prevalence Bovine Fasciolosis in Postmortem Examination at Bahir Dar Municipal Abattoir, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

“…Most of the animals slaughtered in the abattoir were come from farta breed of cattle, which are low cost than Bahir dar cattle which come from distant area (around este and Debretabor). In this study period the prevalence was greater than that of the reported in the country and elsewhere Africa, like Fasciolosis in Slaughtered Cattle in Addis Ababa Abattoir, Ethiopia was 23% [23], from northern Ethiopia who reported 24.3%, [9] recorded, a prevalence of 46.2% at Jimma abattoir, (24) from Zambia and [24] from Zimbabwe reported 53.9% and 31.7% prevalence respectively. On the other hand a lower prevalence of fasciolosis (14.0%) has been observed in slaughter cattle at Wolaita Soddo abattoir [10].…”

“…The finding of mixed infection with the two species of Fasciola indicates that there are places in the region where the climato-ecological conditions favour the existence of the intermediate snail hosts for both species. Several studies in other Africa countries, however, showed that F. hepatica is the predominant [24], [26], [27], [28][29]. There was a statistically significant association (P <0.05) between Fasciola prevalence and body condition of the animals.…”

“…Difference in prevalence among geographical locations is attributed mainly to the variation in the climatic and ecological conditions such as altitude, rainfall and temperature. Fasciola prevalence has been reported to vary over the years mainly due to variation in amount and pattern of rainfall [24].Consistent with this finding, several abattoir studies in different parts of Ethiopia reported the predominance of F. hepatica to F. gigantica [8], [11], [25]. The finding of mixed infection with the two species of Fasciola indicates that there are places in the region where the climato-ecological conditions favour the existence of the intermediate snail hosts for both species.…”