Major causes of organ condemnation and economic loss in cattle slaughtered at Adigrat municipal abattoir, northern Ethiopia

Abstract

Aim:The study was conducted to identify major causes of organs condemnation in cattle slaughtered at Adigrat municipal abattoir and to estimate the direct economic losses. Material and Methods:A cross sectional active abattoir survey, which involves both ante mortem and post mortem examinations, was conducted on 745 cattle from October 2012 to April 2013, and two years (September 2010 -September 2012) retrospective data on meat inspection records was also collected.Results: During ante mortem examination, in 114 (15.3%) cattle various types of abnormalities were detected include; lacrimation (3.49%), pale mucus membrane (3.09%), nasal discharge (1.88%), hernia (1.48%), actinomycosis (1.34%), salivation (1.74%), lameness (0.54%), emaciation (0.41%), depression (0.41%), blindness (0.41%), local swelling (0.27%) and rough hair coat (0.27%). Postmortem examination revealed that 131 (17.58%) liver, 61 (8.19%) lungs, 9 (1.21%) kidneys and 2 (0.27%) hearts were condemned due to various causes. Fasciolosis (9.26%) was the main cause of liver condemnation followed by hydatid cyst (3.62%) and cysticercus bovis (2.55%), respectively. The major causes of lung condemnation were hydatid cyst, emphysema and pneumonia accounting for 5.1, 1.61 and 1.07%, respectively. Hydronephrosis and cysticercus bovis were the major causes of kidney and liver condemnation with rate of 0.94 and 0.27%, respectively. Totally about 19,910.0 Ethiopian birr (1,083.83 USD) was lost from organs condemnation during the active abattoir survey. From the retrospective data it was observed that liver and lung were the most condemned organs with condemnation rate of 17.72 and 7.53%, respectively. The major causes of organ condemnation were hydatid cyst (11.52%), cirrhosis (4.97%), fasciolosis (4.35%), cysticercus bovis (4.12%) and hydronephrosis (1.21%), respectively. Consequently, the overall direct economical loss during the two years was estimated to be 83,890.0 Ethiopian birr (4,566.68 USD). Conclusion:The results identified various causes of organ condemnation and their economic importance in the area. Therefore, it is necessary to establish appropriate strategy for prevention and control.

Major Causes of Total Organ Condemnation and their Direct Financial Impact in Cattle Slaughtered at Hawassa Municipality Abattoir, SouthernEthiopia

“…The liver rejection rate recorded in this study is higher than the reports made by Alembrhan and Haylegebriel and Yifat et al [5,21] who reported 17.58% and 31.1% from Adigrat municipal abattoir and Gondar Elfora Abattoir, respectively. In line with the current finding, different researchers also indicated that fasciolosis was the leading cause of liver condemnation (Yifat et al; Alembrhan and Haylegebriel; Fufa and Debele [5,9,21]. Comparable fasciola prevalence (24.24%) was reported by Fufa and Debele [9] from Wolaita Sodo Municipal Abattoir.…”

“…Injurious agents enter into the liver through hematogenous port of entry, retrograde through biliary and pancreatic ducts and via direct extension through liver capsule [24,25]. The liver rejection rate recorded in this study is higher than the reports made by Alembrhan and Haylegebriel and Yifat et al [5,21] who reported 17.58% and 31.1% from Adigrat municipal abattoir and Gondar Elfora Abattoir, respectively. In line with the current finding, different researchers also indicated that fasciolosis was the leading cause of liver condemnation (Yifat et al; Alembrhan and Haylegebriel; Fufa and Debele [5,9,21].…”

“…The lung is the most frequently affected organ by hydatidosis due to its size, blood supply and availability of oxygen supply (Urquhart et al) [20]. Emphysema was also the cause for lung condemnation with rejection rate of 18.9%, which is higher than the rate (1.61%) reported by Alembrhan and Haylegebriel [21], 1.62% reported by Nebyou et al [10] and 1.2% reported by Fasil [22] from Adigrat Municipal, Nekemte Municipal and Gondar Elfora Abattoirs, respectively.…”

Causes of organ condemnation, its public health and financial significance in Nekemte municipal abattoir, Wollega, Western Ethiopia

“…However, the prevalence of hydatidosis was 12.73% which is much lower when compared with several reports from different abattoirs of the country like at Adigrat Municipal Abattoir (18.61%) (Alembrhan and Haylegebriel, 2013), at Southern Wollo abattoir (17.4%) (Alemu et al, 2012). These differences within the country are attributed mainly to variations in the ecological and climatic conditions such as altitude, rainfall, and temperature, although differences in livestock management system and the ability of the inspector to detect the infection may play a part.…”

“…Major parasitic disease such as fasciolosis, hydatid cyst, cysticercosis and other causes like abscessation and cirrhosis are of great public health concern and cause significant economic losses by lowering productivity of cattle and condemnation of edible organs (Biu and Adindu, 2004;Chhabra and Singla, 2009). Among the major causes of organ condemnation in the Ethiopia are hydatidosis as discussed by Yifat et al (2011), Alemu et al (2012), Alembrhan and Haylegebriel (2013), fasciolosis (Mulat et al, 2012;Bekele et al, 2014), cysticercosis Mesfin and Nuradddis, 2012) and other causes of organ condemnation (Alemayehu et al, 2012;Alembrha and Haylegebrie, 2013). Studies conducted in different abattoirs of Ethiopia revealed that parasitic infection of livers, lungs (pneumonia), pericarditis and pyelonephritis are the major cause of organs condemnation (Asmare et al, 2012).…”