Major Chemical Constituents of Bamboo Shoots (Phyllostachys pubescens): Qualitative and Quantitative Research

Abstract

Bamboo shoots are a delicacy in Asia. Two novel compounds, adenine-(1'R,2'R,3'R)-cyclic butanetetraol carbonate (16) and (-)-(7R,8S)-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycerol 9-O-β-D-[6-O-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoyl])-glucopyranoside (20), together with 12 known nucleosides (1-12), 3 amino acids (13-15), β-carboline (17), and 2 megastigmane glycosides (18, 19) were isolated from bamboo shoots (Phyllostachys pubescens). Their structures and absolute configurations were rigorously determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis, and the composition of carbohydrates in bamboo shoots was qualitatively detected and quantitatively analyzed with ion chromatography. A simple, rapid, sensitive, and accurate HPLC-UV analysis was built for routine edible quality control of bamboo shoots, and 12 major components of bamboo shoots were quantitatively analyzed. The major chemical constituents of bamboo shoots were determined to be carbohydrates, amino acids, and nucleotides. These findings are correctives to the usual view of bamboo shoots chemical composition, and the previous research reports about the chemical composition of bamboo shoots may have taken the aromatic amino acids and nucleotides for flavonoids and phenolic acids.

A novel hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon derived from bamboo shoot for high performance supercapacitor

“…Bamboo is recognized as the fastest-growing woody, evergreen and perennial plant, which is one of the richest resources in China. Bamboo shoots, known as the bud of bamboo, were commonly used as a traditional forest vegetable in China for over 2000 years 31 . It widely distributes from plains to hills lower than 1400 m, which could be freely available from nature.…”

“…The easily available bamboo shoots contain abundant cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein, amino acids, fats, carbohydrates, etc 32 . Particularly, the bamboo shoots are rich in nitrogen-containing organics such as protein, amino acids, which could be ideal carbon and nitrogen sources to produce N-doped carbons 31 . Here, a range of porous N-doped carbon materials was produced by a hydrothermal treatment and subsequent carbonization process in inert atmosphere without using any templates or additional chemical activation.…”

Identification and quantitation of the actual active components in bamboo juice and its oral liquid by NMR and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS

“…The detection and quantitation limits of the 26 components were within the appropriate range. The relative standard deviations of the accuracy and intraday and inter-day pre- cision studies were less than 3%, indicating that the results of sample analyses performed within 4 days are reliable 33 . The recoveries of different compounds were also tested and are presented in Table S2 (Supplementary information).…”

“…Verification of the analytical method. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis was performed to determine the limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy 33 . The LOD and LOQ for the main constituents were measured by duplicate injections of standard solutions based on S/N ratios of 3 and 10, respectively.…”

Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Derived from Bamboo Shoot as Solid Base Catalyst for Knoevenagel Condensation and Transesterification Reactions

“…In this study, bamboo shoot is chosen as a precursor because it is a kind of rapidly growing biomass material and is widely planted in China [29]. Bamboo shoots also have abundant carbohydrate, amino acids and nucleotides [30]. It can provide enough nitrogen source by itself for fabricating nitrogen-doped carbons during the calcination process.…”