Major Components and Themes of Local Public Health Laws in Select U.S. Jurisdictions

Mccarty, Kathy L.; Nelson, Gayle D.; Hodge, James G.; Gebbie, Kristine M.

doi:10.1177/003335490912400317

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1 Emergency medical services and ambulances may be regulated by local law. 2 Credentialing of health care providers varies by profession. State officers and employees and volunteers may be able to practice when crossing state lines under mutual aid compacts, such as EMAC, but states may not be able to exchange private health care providers under these compacts unless the state recognizes these providers as state employees.…”

Section: Licensing Credentialing and Scope Of Practice Of Health Camentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52 Local jurisdictions may have separate quarantine and communicable disease control authorities. 2 Using federal authorities for quarantine, 54 DHHS may order the destruction of contaminated articles to prevent interstate spread of disease in the event of inadequate local control. This authority also could be used, for example, to destroy personal articles of individuals that are contaminated by radiation.…”

Section: Legal Issues Relating To Medical Supplies and Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52,55 Municipal building codes and other property standards may need to be assessed when setting up temporary or emergency treatment facilities and in assessing decontamination of structures. 2…”

Section: Legal Issues Relating To Medical Supplies and Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Local governments have public health authorities bestowed by the state under "home rule" statutes, which they may implement through regulations or local ordinances. 2 Declarations of emergency, with varying effects, may be issued at the federal, state, and local levels. 3,4 Any of these declarations would be likely after a nuclear detonation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Legal Considerations in a Nuclear Detonation

Sherman¹

2011

Disaster med. public health prep.

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ABSTRACTThis article summarizes public health legal issues that need to be considered in preparing for and responding to nuclear detonation. Laws at the federal, state, territorial, local, tribal, and community levels can have a significant impact on the response to an emergency involving a nuclear detonation and the allocation of scarce resources for affected populations. An understanding of the breadth of these laws, the application of federal, state, and local law, and how each may change in an emergency, is critical to an effective response. Laws can vary from 1 geographic area to the next and may vary in an emergency, affording waivers or other extraordinary actions under federal, state, or local emergency powers. Public health legal requirements that are commonly of concern and should be examined for flexibility, reciprocity, and emergency exceptions include liability protections for providers; licensing and credentialing of providers; consent and privacy protections for patients; occupational safety and employment protections for providers; procedures for obtaining and distributing medical countermeasures and supplies; property use, condemnation, and protection; restrictions on movement of individuals in an emergency area; law enforcement; and reimbursement for care.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:S65-S72)

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Section: Licensing Credentialing and Scope Of Practice Of Health Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Legal Issues Relating To Medical Supplies and Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Legal Issues Relating To Medical Supplies and Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Legal Considerations in a Nuclear Detonation

Sherman¹

2011

Disaster med. public health prep.

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“…The purposes of this paper are to: a) describe and reflect upon the approach used to pass a mandatory vaccination policy at the local health department level using a common policy framework to understand the politics, problems, and proposals put forth, and b) examine outcomes from this ordinance 15 years later. Local U.S. public health ordinances frequently only address air quality, food and water safety, sanitation, communicable disease management, and animal/pest control [14] . Information regarding the passage of a mandatory vaccination policy at the local level does not appear in the peer-reviewed literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes, Approaches, and Challenges to Developing and Passing a Countywide Mandatory Vaccination Policy: St. Louis County’s Experience with Hepatitis A Vaccine for Food Service Personnel

et al. 2016

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In the early 1990s, St. Louis County had multiple foodservice worker-related hepatitis A outbreaks uncontrolled by standard outbreak interventions. Restaurant interest groups and the general public applied political pressure to local public health officials for more stringent interventions, including a mandatory vaccination policy. Local health departments can enact mandatory vaccination policies, but this has rarely been done. The study objectives were to describe the approach used to pass a mandatory vaccination policy at the local jurisdiction level and illustrate the outcome from this ordinance 15 years later. A case study design was used. In-depth, semi-structured interviews using guided questions were conducted in spring, 2015, with six key informants who had direct knowledge of the mandatory vaccination policy process. Meeting minutes and/or reports were also analyzed. A Poisson distribution analysis was used to calculate the rate of outbreaks before and after mandatory vaccination policy implementation. The policy appears to have reduced the number of hepatitis A outbreaks, lowering the morbidity and economic burden in St. Louis County. The lessons learned by local public health officials in passing a mandatory hepatitis A vaccination policy are important and relevant in today's environment. The experience and lessons learned may assist other local health departments when faced with the potential need for mandatory policies for any vaccine preventable disease.

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Development and implementation of a local government survey to measure community supports for healthy eating and active living

Moore

Carlson

Onufrak

et al. 2017

Preventive Medicine Reports

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The ability to make healthy choices is influenced by where one lives, works, shops, and plays. Locally enacted policies and standards can influence these surroundings but little is known about the prevalence of such policies and standards that support healthier behaviors. In this paper, we describe the development of a survey questionnaire designed to capture local level policy supports for healthy eating and active living and findings and lessons learned from a 2012 pilot in two states, Minnesota and California, including respondent burden, survey sampling and administration methods, and survey item feasibility issues. A 38-item, web-based, self-administered survey and sampling frame were developed to assess the prevalence of 22 types of healthy eating and active living policies in a representative sample of local governments in the two states. The majority of respondents indicated the survey required minimal effort to complete with half taking < 20 min to complete the survey. A non-response follow-up plan including emails and phone calls was required to achieve a 68% response rate (versus a 37% response rate for email only reminders). Local governments with larger residential populations reported having healthy eating and active living policies and standards more often than smaller governments. Policies that support active living were more common than those that support healthy eating and varied within the two states. The methods we developed are a feasible data collection tool for estimating the prevalence of municipal healthy eating and active living policies and standards at the state and national level.

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Major Components and Themes of Local Public Health Laws in Select U.S. Jurisdictions

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Legal Considerations in a Nuclear Detonation

Legal Considerations in a Nuclear Detonation

Outcomes, Approaches, and Challenges to Developing and Passing a Countywide Mandatory Vaccination Policy: St. Louis County’s Experience with Hepatitis A Vaccine for Food Service Personnel

Development and implementation of a local government survey to measure community supports for healthy eating and active living

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