Major-Ion Chemistry and Quality of Water in Rivers of Northern West Siberia

Abstract

This study reports a synthesis of years-long hydrogeochemical monitoring in northern West Siberia, performed by the Russian Meteorological Service (Rosgidromet) and several academic institutions. Natural factors and intensive human economic activity lead to the disruption of the ecosystems of the northern territories of Western Siberia. The aim of this study is to estimate the background water chemistry parameters in the rivers of northern West Siberia in the beginning of the 21st century. The mean values hydrochemical and geochemical indicators were determined with STATISTICA software, which can be used as background values in assessing the actual and allowable anthropogenic impact on water bodies. We revealed four water chemistry provinces: western Ob Gulf and Ob estuary catchments (I); eastern Ob Gulf and Taz Gulf catchments, except for the Taz River and its tributaries (II); Taz River catchments (III); Yenisei River catchments, right bank (IV). The major-ion chemistry of the sampled river waters records a combination of geological, geomorphological, and hydrological conditions in the four provinces. The features typical of the northern West Siberian Plain are especially prominent in province II, which has the lowest average total of major ions (Σmi), the highest chemical oxygen demand (potassium dichromate COD), and the highest contents of Fe and phosphates. The Σmi value is the highest in province IV. The river waters from four provinces share similarity in quite high organic contents (both potassium dichromate and permanganate COD), as well as high NH4+ and Fe. The long-term average Σmi of the waters is predicted not to change much in the coming one or two decades, though it may decrease slightly in the winter season but increase in the fall and spring time.

The Mechanism and Regularities of Ion Runoff Formation in the Ob River (Western Siberia) under the Influence of Its Tributaries and Underground Feeding

“…At the same time, we noted that the influence of the latter factor was traced not only in the taiga zone, forest tundra, and tundra, but also in other natural zones due to the waterlogging in river valleys [12]. Across the territory, there was a general decrease in the content of dissolved substances from the south-southwest to the north-northeast, against which there was a difference in the chemical composition of river water within the same natural zones, for example, higher TDS values in the left-bank part of the basin in areas of middle and lower reaches compared with the right bank [12,23].…”

“…The method of analysis included the calculation of statistics (arithmetic and geometric means, coefficients of variation and asymmetry, errors in their determination, including the error of determining the arithmetic mean by formula ( 16)) and testing for randomness by Pitman criterion and homogeneity by Wilcoxon and Fisher criteria. These procedures are described in more detail in [12,23,24].…”

Proposal of a Water-Quality Index for High Andean Basins: Application to the Chumbao River, Andahuaylas, Peru

“…The importance of the parameter's weight is related to water use and source [85][86][87][88][89]. In the case of WQI applicable to surface waters, it would seem that the greatest weight should be given to the parameters DO, BOD 5 , nitrates, suspended solids and total coliforms [5,12,17,25,43,64,68,88].…”

Distribution of stable Н, О and С isotopes in natural waters in the area of the Taz oil and gas condensate field (Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region)

“…Одним из интересных объектов для изучения формирования состава вод являются природные воды арктических регионов по следующим причинам: 1) в приповерхностных условиях дополнительно могут накладываться про-цессы криогенной метаморфизации (изменение минерализации и состава вод при оттаиваниипромерзании мерзлых пород) [1]; 2) в глубинных условиях широко распространены пластовые воды нефтяных месторождений, которые можно рассматривать как один из конечных этапов формирования вод. При этом химический состав вод в регионе по последним данным достаточно изучен в отличие от химического состава поверхностных [2][3], неглубокого залегания [4] и глубоких нефтяных [5][6][7][8], а вот работ по изотопному составу вод не так много. Имеются данные по δD и δ 18 O почвенных, речных и озерных вод [9], снегу [10], льду [11], некоторых подземных вод [12,13]; недавно вышла большая комплексная работа по δD, δ 18 O и δ 13 С пластовых нефтяных вод [14] и статья авторов по аналогичным данным в системе «почвы-просадкиозера-реки» [15].…”