Making biosamples compatible with instrumental analysis

Lucena, Rafael

doi:10.17145/jab.15.012

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, selectivity is an important analytical feature in extraction methods that becomes critical in the microextraction context where the sorptive capacity is limited. This situation is even more complicated when complex samples comprising hundreds of interferents are processed [6]. Under these circumstances, a selective coating allows the use of the limited sorption capacity to the target analytes, avoiding sorbent saturation by the matrix components.…”

Section: Selective Coatings In Sbsementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Extraction and Stirring Integrated Techniques

Cárdenas

Lucena

2017

Separations

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Abstract:The extraction yield of a microextraction technique depends on thermodynamic and kinetics factors. Both of these factors have been the focus of intensive research in the last few years. The extraction yield can be increased by synthesizing and using novel materials with favorable distribution constants (one of the thermodynamic factors) for target analytes. The extraction yield can also be increased by improving kinetic factors, for example, by developing new extraction modes. Microextraction techniques are usually non-exhaustive processes that work under the kinetic range. In such conditions, the improvement of the extraction kinetics necessarily improves the performance. Since the extraction yield and efficiency is related to how fast the analytes diffuse in samples, it is crucial to stir the sample during extraction. The stirring can be done with an external element or can be integrated with the extraction element in the same device. This article reviews the main recent advances in the so-called extraction/stirring integrated techniques with emphasis on their potential and promising approaches rather than in their applications.

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Section: Selective Coatings In Sbsementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Extraction and Stirring Integrated Techniques

Cárdenas

Lucena

2017

Separations

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“…On the other hand, the final extracts will content, also preconcentrated, a large number of matrix components making necessary a very carefully optimization of the chromatographic separation and the use of very selective instruments (MS n ). (6) Therefore, selective sorbents are preferred in this context, even when sophisticated instrument are used (e.g. avoid ion suppression in MS), to boost the extraction performance.…”

Section: Extraction Selectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Nanoparticles in Microextraction

Ríos-Gómez

Lasarte‐Aragonés

Cárdenas

et al. 2016

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Sorption capacity is a critical issue in microextraction techniques where the amount of sorbent is reduced to the low milligram range and even lower. In this context, the use of sorbents with a high superficial area is really desirable. Nanoparticles (NPs) fulfill this main requirement while, at the same time, provide the analyst with a wide variety of interaction chemistries that can be easily selected depending on the analytical problem under study. In addition, certain NPs present especial properties (e.g. superparamagnetism) that make them so attractive in the microextraction context. Focusing on sorption capacity is meaningless when complex samples, the usual situation in Bioanalysis, are processed as matrix components may overload the sorbent avoiding the extraction of the target analytes. In this scenario, selectivity then becomes a critical variable of concern. This article discusses the role of selectivity in microextraction and provides a general overview of the main coatings used to boost the selectivity of NPs. In particular, this article describes the use of two groups of coatings as selectivity enhancers. On the one hand, the use of synthetic polymers including molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and restricted access materials (RAMs) is a well‐established alternative in analytical sciences. On the other hand, biopolymers, such as antibodies and aptamers, exploit biorecognition that is by far the most selective interaction. Both alternatives are described in detail in this article.

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“…However, OF analysis faces the same challenges observed for conventional biosamples, namely: the low concentration of the analytes and the high presence of interferents. 15 The extraction of TCAs from OF by solid-phase extraction 16 and liquid–liquid extraction 17 has been reported as suitable approaches to overcome both issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%