Making ghost vortices visible in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

We study a superfluid in a planar annulus hosting vortices with massive cores. An analytical point-vortex model shows that the massive vortices may perform radial oscillations on top of the usual uniform precession of their massless counterpart. Beyond a critical vortex mass, this oscillatory motion becomes unstable and the vortices are driven towards one of the edges. The analogy with the motion of a charged particle in a static electromagnetic field leads to the development of a plasma orbit theory that provides a description of the trajectories which remains accurate even beyond the regime of small radial oscillations. These results are confirmed by the numerical solution of coupled two-component Gross-Pitaevskii equations. The analysis is then extended to a necklace of vortices symmetrically arranged within the annulus.

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“…(D.13) reduces to the equation for a necklace of N v vortices inside a circular trap of radius R 2 , as derived in Ref. [58]:…”

Section: D2 Massive Necklacementioning

confidence: 98%

Massive superfluid vortices and vortex necklaces on a planar annulus

et al. 2023

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“…It follows that by increasing the number of GPUs in proportion to the number of particles, the total computation time can be kept constant as the resolution increases. At higher resolutions, our SPH scheme may help find the analytical solution of a point-vortex model for the spatial geometry of vortex lattices in 3D cases by exploring the behavior of ghost vortex lines in the vertical direction, similar to the 2D cases [23]. It may also be possible to compare the vortex lattice of the GP equation with that reproduced by a two-fluid model [13] to find a connection in the SPH form.…”

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional analysis of vortex-lattice formation in rotating Bose–Einstein condensates using smoothed-particle hydrodynamics

Tsuzuki,

Itoh,

Nishinari

2023

J. Phys. Commun.

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Recently, we presented a new numerical scheme for vortex lattice formation in a rotating Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) with an explicit time-integrating scheme; our SPH scheme could reproduce the vortex lattices and their formation processes in rotating quasi-two-dimensional (2D) BECs trapped in a 2D harmonic potential. In this study, we have successfully demonstrated a simulation of rotating 3D BECs trapped in a 3D harmonic potential forming ‘cigar-shaped’ condensates. We have found that our scheme can reproduce the following typical behaviors of rotating 3D BECs observed in the literature: (i) the characteristic shape of the lattice formed in the cross-section at the origin and its formation process, (ii) the stable existence of vortex lines along the vertical axis after reaching the steady state, (iii) a ‘cookie-cutter’ shape, with a similar lattice shape observed wherever we cut the condensate in a certain range in the vertical direction, (iv) the bending of vortex lines when approaching the inner edges of the condensate, and (v) the formation of vortex lattices by vortices entering from outside the condensate. Therefore, we further validated our scheme by simulating rotating 3D BECs.

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“…For a given Ω, γ m can be approximated as a constant that is less than 1. Hence, it is reasonable to neglect the spatial derivative term of γ m in equation (12). For varying Ω, the large Ω corresponds to a weak bound along the y-direction, since…”

Section: Single-particle Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macroscopic excitations play an essential role in many areas of physics, particularly in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), which exhibit phenomena such as solitons [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], quantized vortices [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], vortex sheets [18][19][20][21][22][23][24], domain walls [25,26], textures [27][28][29]. These excitations are crucial for understanding the phase, superfluidity and magnetic properties of condensates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soliton sheets of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattices

Wang,

Zhang

2024

New J. Phys.

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Soliton sheets are observed in Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattice which are formed by superposition of condensates occupying different single-particle states. These structures consist of one-dimensional stationary solitons distributed in the x-direction arranged continuously along the peaks of the optical lattice in the y-direction. Notably, the phase difference across the soliton sheets is periodic and varies linearly with y within each period. So, we refer to this configuration as a 'soliton sheet'. Avelocity difference in the y-component is observed between the two sides of thesoliton sheets. Similar velocity distributions can be achieved by aligning an infinite number of isotropic vortices along the peaks of theoptical lattice. And the soliton sheets are distinguished by their lack of dependence on phase singularities. This independence enables the formation of soliton sheets even in the absence of phase singularities, highlighting a unique aspect of this structure.

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Making ghost vortices visible in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Cited by 8 publications

References 77 publications

Massive superfluid vortices and vortex necklaces on a planar annulus

Massive superfluid vortices and vortex necklaces on a planar annulus

Three-dimensional analysis of vortex-lattice formation in rotating Bose–Einstein condensates using smoothed-particle hydrodynamics

Soliton sheets of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattices

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