Making the lignocellulosic fibers chemically compatible for composite: A comprehensive review

Hasan, Afnan; Rabbi, M.S.; Billah, Md. Maruf

doi:10.1016/j.clema.2022.100078

Cited by 50 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Numerous surface treatment techniques, such as alkali, silane, oxalic acid, potassium permanganate, benzoyl chloride, corona, plasma, seawater, enzyme, etc., were employed to enhance the physical and chemical properties of plant fibers [ 11 ]. Literature indicates that chemical treatments are particularly effective in removing significant quantities of amorphous constituents like hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, wax, and impurities from the surface of the fibers by breaking down the hydroxyl groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of novel natural cellulose fiber from Ficus macrocarpa bark for lightweight structural composite application and its effect on chemical treatment

Tengsuthiwat,

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of novel natural cellulose fiber from Ficus macrocarpa bark for lightweight structural composite application and its effect on chemical treatment

Tengsuthiwat,

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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“…The reason was due to the distinct characteristics they present. Among the advantages presented by these biological materials over synthetic fibers, it is worth mentioning the easiness of processing, non-toxicity, less abrasiveness, and full biodegradation can reduce the carbon foot of the composite materials and possess relatively high specific mechanical properties [1][2][3][4]. Additionally, the composites acquire an elevated moisture absorption characteristic, which reduces their use in several applications [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline Treatment Investigation for Sedge Fibers (Cyperus malaccensis): A Promising Enhancement

et al. 2023

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Natural fibers have some advantages in comparison to synthetic fibers, especially because they are more environmentally friendly. For this reason, using them as a reinforcement for polymeric matrices is growing exponentially. However, they present the disadvantage of having the hydrophilic nature, which strongly reduces the interface interaction. Sedge fibers have been investigated when reinforcing an epoxy matrix in terms of ballistic properties and mechanical performance. Aiming to enhance the fiber−matrix interface, an alkali treatment was proposed. The group conditions were divided into three NaOH concentrations (3%, 5%, and 10%), as well as the three periods of immersion (24, 48, and 72 h). Therefore, nine different conditions were investigated in terms of their thermal behaviors, chemical structures, physical structures, and morphological aspects. Based on TGA curves, it could be noticed that treatments related to 3% NaOH for 24 h and 48 h exhibited better thermal stability properties. For the time of 48 h, better thermal stability with for a decay of the thermal DSC curve was shown for all treatment conditions. The FTIR spectra has shown a reduction of waxes for higher NaOH concentrations. The XRD diffractogram exhibited an increase in the crystallinity index only for 5% NaOH and an immersion time of 48 h. The morphological aspects of fibers treated with 5% and 10% of NaOH have shown that the treatments have damaged the fiber, which highlighted the crystallinity index reductions.

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“…Such modification is necessary to obtain good adhesion in the composite. This has been a known problem for many years—the different polarity of the fibers and polymers—hydrophilic and hydrophobic, respectively—makes it difficult to combine them effectively [ 1 ]. To obtain a change in the polarity of natural fibers, some chemical modifications are used, such as: mercerization [ 2 ], acetylation [ 3 ], acrylation [ 4 ], benzoylation [ 5 ], silanization [ 6 ], peroxide treatment [ 7 ], isocyanate treatment [ 8 , 9 ] and enzymatic treatment [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysiloxanes and Silanes with Various Functional Groups—New Compounds for Flax Fibers’ Modification

et al. 2023

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There is an increasing desire to use natural products that will be both effective and biodegradable. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of modifying flax fibers with silicon compounds (silanes and polysiloxanes), as well as examining the effect of the mercerization process on their properties. Two types of polysiloxanes have been synthesized and confirmed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis-combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) tests of the fibers were performed. On the SEM pictures, flax fibers purified and covered with silanes were visible after treatment. FTIR analysis showed stable bonds between the fibers and the silicon compounds. Promising results of thermal stability were obtained. It was also found that modification had a positive effect on the flammability. The conducted research showed that the use of such modifications, in the context of using flax fibers for composites, can yield very good results.

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Making the lignocellulosic fibers chemically compatible for composite: A comprehensive review

Cited by 50 publications

References 155 publications

Characterization of novel natural cellulose fiber from Ficus macrocarpa bark for lightweight structural composite application and its effect on chemical treatment

Characterization of novel natural cellulose fiber from Ficus macrocarpa bark for lightweight structural composite application and its effect on chemical treatment

Alkaline Treatment Investigation for Sedge Fibers (Cyperus malaccensis): A Promising Enhancement

Polysiloxanes and Silanes with Various Functional Groups—New Compounds for Flax Fibers’ Modification

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