MAL mRNA is induced during the differentiation of human embryonal carcinoma cells into neurons and is also localised within specific regions of the human brain

Wakeman, Jane A.; Heath, Paul R.; Pearson, R.C.A.; Andrews, Peter W.

doi:10.1046/j.1432-0436.1997.6220097.x

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Thus, Wnt13, which is induced by retinoic acid in NTERA2 cells, 37 was similarly induced in TG11.nR and C10 cells, but not in 2102Ep. However, Mal and neuroD1, which are induced in NTERA2 cell 38,39 and were also induced in TG11.nR, were not induced in either 2102Ep or C10 cells. Since both genes are characteristic of the neural differentiation seen in NTERA2, their absence in C10 correlates with an absence of overt morphologically identifiable neurons after retinoic acid induction.…”

Section: ϫ7mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Few, if any, morphologically identifiable neurons were seen in retinoic acid-induced C10 cultures, in contrast to TG11.nR, and the rare neurofilament-positive cells observed did not exhibit a neuronal morphology; such cells are also seen in NTERA2 and TG11.nR cultures but their identity is obscure. 15 Genes associated with neural differentiation, neuroD1 39 and Mal 38 were not induced. Of these, neuroD1 is particularly striking as a marker for committed post-mitotic neuroblasts, the precursors of the mature neurons during both embryogenesis 52 and the differentiation of NTERA2 EC cells in culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrids of pluripotent and nullipotent human embryonal carcinoma cells: Partial retention of a pluripotent phenotype

et al. 2001

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To investigate whether the failure of human EC cells that do not differentiate is due to the loss of key differentiationpermissive functions or the acquisition of specific inhibitory functions, we tested the ability to differentiate of 2 hybrids produced between a relatively nullipotent human EC cell line, 2102Ep, and a pluripotent human EC cell line NTERA2. Both hybrids, which exhibited an EC phenotype, were able to differentiate readily in response to retinoic acid. Furthermore, 1 hybrid produced a well-differentiated xenograft tumor, which contained, like the NTERA2 tumors, glandular structures, loose mesenchymal tissues and nodules of cartilage, after injection into a SCID mouse. Thus, the failure of 2102Ep EC cells to differentiate is recessive and due to the loss of a key gene function or functions. Nevertheless, the hybrids differed from the pluripotent NTERA2 line by failing to differentiate in neurons, indicating that 2102Ep cells also had acquired a specific, dominantly-acting, inhibitory mutation specific to the neural lineage. Furthermore, the expression of collagen II by one hybrid before and after induction with retinoic suggested a propensity for spontaneous differentiation not evident in the parental NTERA2 cells. Thus, the mechanisms that restrict the differentiation capacity of the nullipotent 2102Ep line are complex and include both recessive and dominant acting factors.

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Section: ϫ7mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrids of pluripotent and nullipotent human embryonal carcinoma cells: Partial retention of a pluripotent phenotype

et al. 2001

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“…Interestingly, another study revealed that patients transplanted from donors with the T allele have a lower incidence of fungal infections, aGvHD and improved overall survival. 22 MAL protein was originally identified in intermediate and late stages of T-lymphocyte differentiation 51 and the MAL mRNA expression was also found to be related with differentiation in urothelial cells, neuronal cells 52,53 and oesophageal epithelium. 54 The MAL-A variant containing all four exons is abundantly expressed in peripheral blood lymphocytes 55 and positively expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and haematopoietic system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting survival using clinical risk scores and non-HLA immunogenetics

Balavarca

Pearce

Norden

et al. 2015

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Previous studies of non-histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on subgroups of patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) revealed an association with transplant outcome. This study further evaluated the association of non-HLA polymorphisms with overall survival in a cohort of 762 HSCT patients using data on 26 polymorphisms in 16 non-HLA genes. When viewed in addition to an already established clinical risk score (EBMT-score), three polymorphisms: rs8177374 in the gene for MyD88-adapter-like (MAL; P = 0.026), rs9340799 in the oestrogen receptor gene (ESR; P = 0.003) and rs1800795 in interleukin-6 (IL-6; P = 0.007) were found to be associated with reduced overall survival, whereas the haplo-genotype (ACC/ACC) in IL-10 was protective (P = 0.02). The addition of these non-HLA polymorphisms in a Cox regression model alongside the EBMT-score improved discrimination between risk groups and increased the level of prediction compared with the EBMT-score alone (gain in prediction capability for EBMT-genetic-score 10.8%). Results also demonstrated how changes in clinical practice through time have altered the effects of non-HLA analysis. The study illustrates the significance of non-HLA genotyping prior to HSCT and the importance of further investigation into non-HLA gene polymorphisms in risk prediction. Bone Marrow Transplantation INTRODUCTIONHaematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the major curative therapy for disorders of the blood and immune system. However, the rate of survival in patients with HSCT has remained at 40-60% for the last two decades, owing to post-transplant complications including infection, GvHD and relapse.Five relevant clinical factors influencing transplantation success in patients with haematological disorders, including CML, ALL and AML, have been identified by the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). These risk factors (EBMT-factors) are patient age, sibling donor/matched unrelated donor (MUD), patient-donor gender combination, stage of disease and time from diagnosis to transplant. A clinical risk score (EMBT-score) utilising the EBMT-factors was proposed in order to aid the prediction and prevention of post-transplant complications.

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“…First, TM domains I-IV of the MYADM protein show high similarity to the four TM domains present in human MAL. Second, as is true for MYADM, the MAL proteins seem to be expressed mainly in the brain and the hematopoietic system [33,34,43]. Third, MAL proteins are present in glycolipid-rich membranes and localize mainly to the endoplasmic reticulum and other intracytoplasmic compartments [44], i.e., a localization pattern comparable to several known 8-TM proteins [45][46][47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of MYADM, a novel hematopoietic-associated marker gene expressed in multipotent progenitor cells and up-regulated during myeloid differentiation

Pettersson

Dannaeus

Nilsson

et al. 2000

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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MAL mRNA is induced during the differentiation of human embryonal carcinoma cells into neurons and is also localised within specific regions of the human brain

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Hybrids of pluripotent and nullipotent human embryonal carcinoma cells: Partial retention of a pluripotent phenotype

Hybrids of pluripotent and nullipotent human embryonal carcinoma cells: Partial retention of a pluripotent phenotype

Predicting survival using clinical risk scores and non-HLA immunogenetics

Isolation of MYADM, a novel hematopoietic-associated marker gene expressed in multipotent progenitor cells and up-regulated during myeloid differentiation

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