Malaria and risk of lymphoid neoplasms and other cancer: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Wyss, Katja; Granath, Fredrik; Wångdahl, Andreas; Djärv, Therese; Fored, Michael; Nauclér, Pontus; Färnert, Anna

doi:10.1186/s12916-020-01759-8

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Of the 10 studies, five [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 14 ] reported the number of malaria cases in eBL/non-eBL ( Table 1 ), and the other five [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] reported the burden of IgGs to malarial antigens among eBL/non-eBL ( Table 2 ). Five studies that reported the number of malaria cases in eBL/non-eBL were conducted in Uganda [ 9 , 11 ], Ghana [ 9 ], Malawi [ 10 ], Tanzania and Kenya [ 12 ], and Sweden [ 14 ]. Four of which [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] were case-control studies investigating children aged 0–15 years, and the other one [ 14 ] was a cohort study that followed up participants who developed lymphoid neoplasm (mean age: 34.7 years).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five studies that reported the number of malaria cases in eBL/non-eBL were conducted in Uganda [ 9 , 11 ], Ghana [ 9 ], Malawi [ 10 ], Tanzania and Kenya [ 12 ], and Sweden [ 14 ]. Four of which [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] were case-control studies investigating children aged 0–15 years, and the other one [ 14 ] was a cohort study that followed up participants who developed lymphoid neoplasm (mean age: 34.7 years). The five other studies reporting the burden of IgGs to malarial antigens in eBL/non-eBL were case-control studies investigating participants aged 0–15 years and were conducted in Malawi [ 17 , 21 ], Ghana [ 18 , 20 ], and Uganda [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, the results showed that malaria infection did not increase the odds of eBL ( p = 0.562, OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.54–1.39, I 2 : 93.5%, malaria infection in eBL: 604/1506, malaria infection in non-eBL: 2117/4549) ( Figure 2 ). Meanwhile, a cohort study in Sweden in 1987–2015 showed that malaria infection did increase the risk of Burkitt lymphoma [ 14 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tables 1 and 2 summarize the characteristics of the included studies. Of the 10 studies, five [9][10][11][12]14] reported the number of malaria cases in eBL/non-eBL (Table 1), and the other five [17][18][19][20][21] reported the burden of IgGs to malarial antigens among eBL/non-eBL (Table 2). Five studies that reported the number of malaria cases in eBL/non-eBL were conducted in Uganda [9,11], Ghana [9], Malawi [10], Tanzania and Kenya [12], and Sweden [14].…”

Section: Characteristics and Quality Of The Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, most of the studies suggesting the link between malaria infection and eBL are case-control studies; therefore, the study design and confounders might have some bias. In a most recent cohort study, malaria increased the risk of non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas (hazard ratio (HR): 3.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.42–8.56) but did not increase the risk of other lymphoid neoplasms [ 14 ]. To our knowledge, no meta-analysis has assessed the risk of eBL or other cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria Infection and Risk for Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kotepui

2021

IJERPH

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Background: Malaria infection is reportedly linked to endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) in malaria-endemic areas. This study aimed to pool the overall risk (or odds) of eBL among children with previous or concurrent malaria infection. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and reference lists of publications for potentially relevant studies on malaria infection and eBL. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute for case-control studies. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to summarize whether the odds of eBL can be increased by (1) malaria infection or (2) elevated titer of IgGs to malaria antigen. The level of heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q statistic and I2. The individual study data, pooled odds, and confidence interval (CI) were illustrated using the forest plot. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results: Ten studies were included, reporting the number of malaria cases in eBL and non-eBL (5 studied malaria infection and the odds of eBL; five studied the burden of IgGs to malarial antigens and the odds of eBL). According to the meta-analysis results, the odds of eBL was not increased by malaria infection (p = 0.562, OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.54–1.39, I2: 93.5%, malaria in eBL: 604/1506 cases, malaria in non-eBL: 2117/4549 cases) and the elevated titer of IgGs to malaria antigen (p = 0.051, OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.00–2.25, I2: 89%, increased IgG titer in eBL: 1059/1736 cases, increased IgG titer in non-eBL: 847/1722 cases). In meta-regression analysis, sex was not a confounding factor for the effect size of malaria infection and eBL (p = 0.10) and that of increased IgGs and eBL (p = 0.80). Conclusions: Malaria infection and IgG titer elevation did not increase the risk for eBL among children. However, the included studies, which are only few, do not generally agree on this point. Therefore, the risk for eBL in children diagnosed with malaria should be investigated further by longitudinal studies to confirm our evidence-based approach.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics and Quality Of The Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria Infection and Risk for Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kotepui

2021

IJERPH

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The Nociceptive and Inflammatory Responses Induced by the Ehrlich Solid Tumor Are Changed in Mice Healed of Plasmodium berghei Strain ANKA Infection after Chloroquine Treatment

Rodrigues Aguiar,

Guterres,

Benarrosh

et al. 2024

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Comorbidities that involve infectious and noninfectious diseases, such as malaria and cancer, have been described. Cancer and malaria induce changes in the nociceptive and inflammatory responses through similar pathophysiological mechanisms. However, it is unclear whether malaria and antimalarial treatment can change the inflammatory and nociceptive responses induced by solid cancer. Therefore, the present study experimentally evaluated the effect of infection by Plasmodium berghei strain ANKA and chloroquine treatment on the nociceptive and inflammatory responses induced by the solid Ehrlich tumor in male BALB/c mice. On the 1st experimental day, mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei and injected with tumor cells in the left hind paw. From the 7th to the 9th experimental day, mice were treated daily with chloroquine. The parasitemia was evaluated on the 7th and 10th days after infection. On the 11th experimental day, mice were evaluated on the von Frey filament test, the hot plate test, and the paw volume test. At the end of the experimental tests on the 11th day, the peripheral blood of all mice was collected for dosing of IL-1β and TNF-α. The blood parasitemia significantly increased from the 7th to the 10th day. The chloroquine treatment significantly decreased the parasitemia on the 10th day. The presence of the tumor did not significantly change the parasitemia on the 7th and 10th days in mice treated and nontreated with chloroquine. On the 11th day, the mechanical and thermal nociceptive responses significantly increased in mice with tumors. The treatment with antimalarial significantly reduced the mechanical nociceptive response induced by tumors. The hyperalgesia induced by tumors did not change with malaria. The mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia induced by the tumor was significantly reduced in mice treated and healed from malaria. On the 11th day, the volume of the paw injected by the tumor was significantly increased. The mice treated with chloroquine, infected with malaria, or healed of malaria showed reduced paw edema induced by the tumor. Mice with tumors did not show a change in IL-β and TNF-α serum levels. Mice with tumors showed a significant increase in serum levels of IL-1β but not TNF-α when treated with chloroquine, infected with malaria, or healed of malaria. In conclusion, the results show that malaria infection and chloroquine treatment can influence, in synergic form, the nociceptive and inflammatory responses induced by the solid tumor. Moreover, the mechanical antinociception, the thermal hyperalgesia, and the antiedema effect observed in mice treated with chloroquine and healed from malaria can be related to the increase in the serum level of IL-1β.

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Malaria as Potential Aetiology and Treatment Complicating Factor in DLBCL Patient: A Case Report

Purwanto¹,

Ariesta²,

Hutajulu³

et al. 2023

Case Rep Oncol

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Malaria is known to be a significant risk factor and also a potential complicating factor during the treatment of lymphoid malignancy. There has not been a reported case of malaria reactivation that occurred weeks after cytotoxic chemotherapy completion, especially in non-endemic regions. Our patient was a 47-year-old man with a history of repeated falciparum malaria infection experiencing 2 months of progressive unilateral nasal blockage and recurrent anterior epistaxis, which was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) through pathological examination. He was treated with six cycles of classical R-CHOP, resulting in complete remission. One month after remission, he experienced shivering, fever, sweating, and a return to normal temperature, which repeated irregularly for roughly 1 week. His laboratory result showed anaemia, leucopenia, and profound thrombocytopenia. Immunochromatographic testing (ICT) confirmed the diagnosis of falciparum malaria. This case was considered a relapse since our centre is not in the malaria-endemic region. He was cured with a combination of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and primaquine. Our case demonstrated the duality of malaria as potential aetiology and treatment complicating factor in DLBCL.

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Malaria and risk of lymphoid neoplasms and other cancer: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Malaria Infection and Risk for Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Malaria Infection and Risk for Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Nociceptive and Inflammatory Responses Induced by the Ehrlich Solid Tumor Are Changed in Mice Healed of Plasmodium berghei Strain ANKA Infection after Chloroquine Treatment

Malaria as Potential Aetiology and Treatment Complicating Factor in DLBCL Patient: A Case Report

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