Malaria Parasitemia and Parasite Density in Antiretroviral-Treated HIV-Infected Adults Following Discontinuation of Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis

Ottichilo, Ronald K.; Polyak, Christina S.; Guyah, Bernard; Singa, Benson; Nyataya, Josphat; Yuhas, Krista; John‐Stewart, Grace; Waitumbi, John N.

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiw495

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[116] However, cotrimoxazole prophylaxis has demonstrated a 69%-80% reduction in the risk of malaria in HIV+ adults. [116][117][118] HIV-infected pregnant women did not demonstrate reduced risk of placental or maternal malaria nor improved birth conditions with daily treatment of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) compared to control. [119] Newborns of mothers co-infected with HIV and malaria are at high risk of congenital malaria when maternal CD4 count is <200 cells/μl.…”

Section: Comorbid Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global HIV neurology

Thakur

Boubour

Saylor

et al. 2019

Aids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

: Neurological conditions associated with HIV remain major contributors to morbidity and mortality and are increasingly recognized in the aging population on long-standing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Importantly, growing evidence shows that the CNS may serve as a reservoir for viral replication, which has major implications for HIV eradication strategies. Though there has been major progress in the last decade in our understanding of the pathogenesis, burden, and impact of neurological conditions associated with HIV infection, significant scientific gaps remain. In many resource-limited settings, ARVs considered second or third line in the United States, which carry substantial neurotoxicity, remain mainstays of treatment, and patients continue to present with severe immunosuppression and central nervous system (CNS) opportunistic infections. Despite this, increased global access to cART has coincided with an aging HIV+ population with cognitive sequelae, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral neuropathy. Further neurological research in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is needed to address the burden of neurological complications in HIV+ patients, particularly regarding CNS viral reservoirs and their effects on eradication.

show abstract

Section: Comorbid Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global HIV neurology

Thakur

Boubour

Saylor

et al. 2019

Aids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of cotrimoxazole has been associated with a lower risk of malaria in children, pregnant women, or severely immunocompromised patients; its discontinuation also increases malaria prevalence and parasitemia [6,15,19,31]. In this study, the prevalence of malaria among participants who were not under CTX prophylaxis was twofold higher than those from individuals who were under otrimoxazole prophylaxis (8.3% vs. 4.1%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Burden of asymptomatic malaria, anemia and relationship with cotrimoxazole use and CD4 cell count among HIV1-infected adults living in Gabon, Central Africa

Akotet

Lengongo

Ondounda

et al. 2017

Pathogens and Global Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sadoh, in his study, suggested that the use of HAART could reduce the immune suppression pose by HIV, depending on the duration of HAART (Sadoh & Eki-Udoko, 2018). Ottichilo et al, (2017) observed that PLWHA who are on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) with continued use of Co-trimoxazole (CTX) offers a semi immunity to malaria and provide a rapid reduction in malaria parasitaemia and future episodes (Ottichilo et al, 2017). Similarly, a notable reduction in the transmission of HIV has been attributed to the use of HAART (Agboghoroma, Sagay, & Ikechebelu, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Malaria Co-Infection among Adults in the North-Central Zone of Nigeria, in the era of Improved access to Prevention and Control: A Study Protocol

Alaofin¹,

Naidoo²

2019

GJHS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Despite a notable reduction in the incidence and prevalence of HIV and malaria, both diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of the research study is to provide epidemiological data of malaria among HIV positive individuals, establish the socio-economic determinants associated with HIV-malaria co-infection, and develop a co-infection intervention model. This research study will enable health policymakers to develop new health policies in the management and care of HIV-malaria co-infected patients. Methods and Analysis: The study design will be a retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study. Case files of HIV positive individuals receiving care and treatment will be randomly selected at six selected peri-urban secondary hospitals. Interviews will be conducted among HIV positive patients, health managers, and doctors at selected hospitals. A mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) will be adopted in the research study. Proportional allocation will be used to select an estimated 1,652 case files of registered patients to be reviewed across the study location. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0 will be used for data analysis. The categorical variable will be illustrated as a percentage and compared using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Backward multivariate analysis will be used to evaluate HIV-malaria co-infection and associated health outcomes. The continuous variables will be summarised as mean, ± SD or median, interquartile range, and compared using student t-test or Wilcoxon test. Values of P < 0.05 will be considered significant. Qualitative data will be analysed using NVivo 12 software. Strengths and Limitations of This Study Strengths The proposed large sample size of case files to be reviewed will enhance the validity and precision of the research study. Limitations Data that will be generated might not be adequate to make a generalized conclusion for the whole country.    Q= Quarter. Since the study involves the use of secondary data (generated from patient case files), missing data is anticipated.   Strike actions by health care workers were also expected. Another limitation is that the research study will not be conducted as a prospective cohort study. Ethics and Dissemination Considering the research study involves the use of secondary data, the ethical approval issued to conduct the study covers the informed consent of the participants’ information. Copies of written informed consent, participant consent, and confidentiality forms will be provided to the participants both in English and in the native language, notably Hausa, TIV, and Yoruba. Verbal informed and signed informed consent to take part in the study will be obtained from the participants. This study was approved by the University of KwaZulu-Natal Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (BREC)-Reference Number: (BE654/17). Ethical approval was also obtained from the Kwara State Ministry of Health (MOH/KS/EU/777/225), Benue State Ministry of Health (MOH/STA/204/56), and the Nasarawa State Ministry of Health: NHREC 18/06/2017). Findings from this study will be published in peer-reviewed local and international journals. Findings will also be made available to health policymakers at the state ministry of health and hospital facilities selected for the study. The principal investigators and the health providers will sensitize patients on the study outcome.

show abstract

Malaria Parasitemia and Parasite Density in Antiretroviral-Treated HIV-Infected Adults Following Discontinuation of Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis

Abstract: NCT01425073.

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Global HIV neurology

Global HIV neurology

Burden of asymptomatic malaria, anemia and relationship with cotrimoxazole use and CD4 cell count among HIV1-infected adults living in Gabon, Central Africa

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Malaria Co-Infection among Adults in the North-Central Zone of Nigeria, in the era of Improved access to Prevention and Control: A Study Protocol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About