Malarial Infection During Pregnancy

Silver, Helayne M.

doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70344-5

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The prevalence of infection was higher in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and decreased progressively in the third trimester until delivery as described in literature [25,26]. Malaria is among the early pregnancy complications observed among pregnant adolescents in Yaounde [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Clinical malaria among pregnant women on combined insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in Yaounde, Cameroon

et al. 2014

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BackgroundMalaria remains a burden for pregnant women and the under 5. Intermittent preventive treatment of pregnant women (IPTp) for malaria with sulfadoxine – pyrimethamine (SP) has since replaced prophylaxis and legislation has been reinforced in the area of insecticide treated mosquito nets (ITNs) in Cameroon. Clinical malaria despite all these measures remains a problem. We compared the socio-obstetrical characteristics of women who developed clinical malaria and those who did not though in the same regimen.MethodsA 5 – year nested cohort study (2007 – 2011 inclusive) at the tertiary level hospitals in Yaounde. Pregnant women who willingly accepted to participate in the study were enrolled at booking and three doses of SP were administered between 18 – 20 weeks of gestation, between 26–28 weeks and between 32 – 34 weeks. Those who developed clinical malaria were considered as cases and were compared for socio – obstetrical characteristics with those who did not. Venous blood was drawn from the women in both arms for parasite density estimation and identification and all the clinical cases were treated conventionally.ResultsEach arm had 166 cases and many women who developed clinical malaria were between 15 and 19 years (OR 5.5, 95% CI 3.9 – 5.3, p < 0.001). They were of low gravidity (OR 6.5, 95% CI 3.8 – 11.3, p < 0.001) as well as low parity (OR 4.6, 95% CI 2.7 – 7.9, p < 0.001). The cases were single women (OR 4.58, 95% CI 2.54 – 8.26, p < 0.001) and had attained only primary level of education (OR 4.6, 95% CI 2.8 – 7.9, p < 0.001). Gestational ages were between 20 to 30 weeks during clinical malaria (OR 6.8, 95% CI 4.1 – 11.7, p < 0.001). The time between the first and second dose of SP was longer than ten weeks in the cases (OR 5.5, 95% CI 3.2 – 9.3, p < 0.001) and parasite density was higher also among the cases (OR 6.9, 95% CI 5.9 – 12.1, p < 0.001).ConclusionLong spacing between the first and second dose of SP seemed to be responsible for clinical malaria in the cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Clinical malaria among pregnant women on combined insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in Yaounde, Cameroon

et al. 2014

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“…1,2 Pregnant women living in rural areas usually have a higher level of malaria infection compared with women in urban areas because of increased exposure to Anopheles mosquitoes. 3 Although the prevalence of malaria in pregnant women has been well documented in many African countries, few studies have evaluated the prevalence of malaria in pregnant women in Cameroon, 4,5 a central African country with >15 million people with an annual growth rate of 2.8%. The objective of this study was to investigate malarial prevalence and risk factors during pregnancy in rural and urban areas of Cameroon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnant Cameroonian women.

Zhou¹,

Megnekou²,

Leke³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Between 1995 and 1998, a longitudinal study was conducted at 2 health centers in Cameroon to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnant women. There were 520 pregnant women enrolled at a rural clinic in the village of Etoa and 199 enrolled at the Biyem Assi Clinic in the city of Yaounde. In Etoa, pregnant women were younger, fewer took prophylaxis, and malaria prevalence was higher compared with pregnant women in the Biyem Assi Clinic. The prevalence of malaria infection peaked during the fourth month of pregnancy at both sites. Age was identified as a major risk factor because women Յ20 years old were 1.8 and 3.4 times more likely to have malaria infection than women >20 years old at Etoa and the Biyem Assi Clinic after adjusting for gravidae and other factors. The use of chemoprophylaxis and seasonality did not have a major effect.

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“…Women living in endemic areas are considered to have some immunity and malarial infections are usually asymptomatic or with less severe symptoms [22]. Conversely, the disease is almost always symptomatic, and potentially lethal, in non-immune patients particularly gravid females.…”

Section: Malaria In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is relied upon in nearly every endemic area [37]. Mefloquine has been shown to be safe in the second and third trimesters, but there is not sufficient evidence to promote its use during the first trimester [22]. It is listed as Category C, has not been associated with abortion, low birth weight, mental retardation, or congenital abnormalities.…”

Section: Antimalarial Medicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria in Pregnancy

Álvarez

Al-Khan

Apuzzio

2005

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Recently, there has been a resurgence of malaria in densely populated areas of the United States secondary to human migration from endemic areas where factors such as cessation of vector control, vector resistance to insecticides, disease resistance to drugs, environmental changes, political instability, and indifference, have played a role for malaria becoming an overwhelming infection of these tropical underdeveloped countries. It is important for health care providers of gravida to be alert of the disease and its effects on pregnancy.

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Malarial Infection During Pregnancy

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Clinical malaria among pregnant women on combined insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in Yaounde, Cameroon

Clinical malaria among pregnant women on combined insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in Yaounde, Cameroon

Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnant Cameroonian women.

Malaria in Pregnancy

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