Male-to-female transsexual with XYY karyotype

Snaith, R. P.; Penhale, S.; Horsfield, P.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)91348-x

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…23,24 Other research studies report that certain chromosome anomalies in those with male phenotype (such as XXY, XYY, and mosaicism) are associated with a raised incidence of individuals who identify as women. 25,26 Additionally, in an XY fetus, low androgen levels associated with certain medication taken by the pregnant mother are also associated with a raised incidence of gender dysphoria . 27 In another area of research, studies of family co-occurrence of gender dysphoria indicate a genetic link in a subset of these individuals.…”

Section: Biological Correlations In the Development Of Gender Dysphoriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgender people: health at the margins of society

et al. 2016

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In this paper we examine the social and legal conditions in which many transgender people (often called trans people) live, and the medical perspectives that frame the provision of health care for transgender people across much of the world. Modern research shows much higher numbers of transgender people than were apparent in earlier clinic-based studies, as well as biological factors associated with gender incongruence. We examine research showing that many transgender people live on the margins of society, facing stigma, discrimination, exclusion, violence, and poor health. They often experience difficulties accessing appropriate health care, whether specific to their gender needs or more general in nature. Some governments are taking steps to address human rights issues and provide better legal protection for transgender people, but this action is by no means universal. The mental illness perspective that currently frames health-care provision for transgender people across much of the world is under scrutiny. The WHO diagnostic manual may soon abandon its current classification of transgender people as mentally disordered. Debate exists as to whether there should be a diagnosis of any sort for transgender children below the age of puberty.

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Section: Biological Correlations In the Development Of Gender Dysphoriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgender people: health at the margins of society

et al. 2016

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“…A number of chromosomal abnormalities have been reported in transsexuals [341; 342; 343; 344]. In all cases, sex chromosomes were involved.…”

Section: Novel Approaches To Studying Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetics of sex differences in brain and behavior

Ngun¹,

Ghahramani²,

Sánchez³

et al. 2011

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

373

230

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Biological differences between men and women contribute to many sex-specific illnesses and disorders. Historically, it was argued that such differences were largely, if not exclusively, due to gonadal hormone secretions. However, emerging research has shown that some differences are mediated by mechanisms other than the action of these hormone secretions and in particular by products of genes located on the X and Y chromosomes, which we refer to as direct genetic effects. This paper reviews the evidence for direct genetic effects in behavioral and brain sex differences. We highlight the `four core genotypes' model and sex differences in the midbrain dopaminergic system, specifically focusing on the role of Sry. We also discuss novel research being done on unique populations including people attracted to the same sex and people with a cross-gender identity. As science continues to advance our understanding of biological sex differences, a new field is emerging that is aimed at better addressing the needs of both sexes: gender-based biology and medicine. Ultimately, the study of the biological basis for sex differences will improve healthcare for both men and women.

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“…Several cases of MF transsexuals with 47,XYY (Buhrich, Barr, & LamPo-Tang, 1978;Haberman, Hollingsworth, Falek, & Michael, 1975;Snaith, Penhale, & Horsfield, 1991;Taneja, Ammini, Mohapatra, Saxena, & Kucheria, 1992;Wagner, 1974) and female-to-male 47,XXX chromosome karyotypes have been reported (Turan et al, 2000). Because the 47,XYY karyotype occurs in approximately 1 in every 800 to 1000 male newborns, and the 47,XXX occurs in 1 in every 1000 female newborns (Grumbach, Hughes, & Conte, 2003), these cases may only represent a random association with transsexualism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Familiality of Gender Identity Disorder in Non-Twin Siblings

et al. 2009

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Familial studies and reports of co-occurrence of gender identity disorder (GID) within a family may help to clarify the question of whether transsexualism is a familial phenomenon. In a sample of 995 consecutive transsexual probands (677 male-to-female [MF] and 318 female-to-male [FM]), we report 12 pairs of transsexual non-twin siblings (nine pairs of MF siblings, two pairs of MF-FM siblings, and one pair of FM siblings). The present study doubles the number of case reports of co-occurrence of transsexualism in non-twin siblings available in the literature. According to our data, the probability that a sibling of a transsexual will also be transsexual was 4.48 times higher for siblings of MF than for siblings of FM transsexual probands, and 3.88 times higher for the brothers than for the sisters of transsexual probands. Moreover, the prevalence of transsexualism in siblings of transsexuals (1/211 siblings) was much higher than the range expected according to the prevalence data of transsexualism in Spain. The study suggests that siblings of transsexuals may have a higher risk of being transsexual than the general population, and that the risk is higher for brothers than sisters of transsexuals, and for siblings of MF than FM transsexuals. Nevertheless, the risk is low.

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Male-to-female transsexual with XYY karyotype

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Transgender people: health at the margins of society

Transgender people: health at the margins of society

The genetics of sex differences in brain and behavior

Familiality of Gender Identity Disorder in Non-Twin Siblings

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