Males’ Health and Livelihood Status in Disasters: A Qualitative Field Study in Eastern Azerbaijan, Bushehr, and Mazandaran Provinces in Iran

Abstract

Background: While men also have a number of disadvantages at the time of disasters, little attention is paid to their status. The term "invisible men" refers to ignoring men's status in different catastrophes and not investigating their post-disaster challenges as much as it should. The current study was conducted to fill this gap by exploring the factors concerning men's status in the recent natural disasters of Iran. Objectives: The current study aimed at exploring the aspects of affected men's status as well as eliciting the factors of men's coping capacity after the recent disasters of Iran. Methods: A qualitative content analysis using in-depth unstructured interviews and field observations were employed to explore the status of damaged men. A total of 22 participants, 18 affected people and 4 key informants were interviewed using the purposive sampling method. The conventional content analysis using the Graneheim approach was performed to analyze the transcribed interviews. Results: Three main categories and 6 subcategories were extracted from the data. The main categories included men's livelihood, health, and capability. All categories had their specific subcategories integrated based on discrete features in a given category. Conclusions: Providing supportive livelihood plans and entrepreneurship projects with the focus on economical independency of damaged men are highly recommended in the disaster-stricken regions. In addition, local health centers can provide some essential public health services for free and encourage affected men to use such services. Further research is required to identify other probable aspects of men's health status and capabilities related to wider cultural settings.

Developing a Valid and Reliable Gender Analysis Tool Applied in Disaster Management: A Community-Based Survey

“…4 In addition, men's needs and vulnerabilities are rarely highlighted in the gender analysis tools. 5,30 The present gender analysis tool includes both women and men for postdisaster data collection and survey.…”

“…4 That is, distinct roles played by women and men and their different needs and responsibilities result in different impacts of disasters on them. 5 For instance, women died because they protected their children during the Indian Ocean tsunami. 6 In addition, men were more affected by floods than women in Hunan province, China, because of more relief work in dangerous conditions.…”

Factors Challenging the Spiritual Rehabilitation of Iranian Men Affected by Natural Disasters: A Qualitative Study

“…According to studies, men tend to reject assistance, particularly psychological assistance, provided by family, friends, and health care professionals during disasters (Gaillard et al, 2017 ). Local health centers also pay little attention to men’s health status at the time of disasters (Sohrabizadeh & Rahimi, 2017 ). Many studies have also noted higher rates of serious suicide attempts in men than in women after disasters (Chang et al, 2019 ; Dandona et al, 2018 ; Freeman et al, 2017 ).…”