Malignant diseases and mortality in blood donors infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in Israel

Stienlauf, Shmuel; Yahalom, Vered; Shinar, Eilat; Sidi, Yechezkel; Segal, Gad; Schwartz, Eli

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2013.03.012

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similarly, our study determined that patients with either HTLV-1 or HTLV-2 infection and a cancer diagnosis had worse OS than patients with cancer alone. Studies of PLHTLV have implicated HTLV-1 in various cancers and its promotion of cancer progression ( Arisawa et al, 2003 ; Stienlauf et al, 2013 ; Dias et al, 2018 ; Du et al, 2019 ). Indeed, our findings are consistent with recent retrospective cohort data from Valcarcel et al showing that PLHTLV with concomitant non-ATL cancer diagnoses, excluding diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), had worse survival outcomes than those reported in the general Latin American population ( Valcarcel et al, 2022 , 2023 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A prospective cohort study in Nagasaki identified 1997 HTLV-1+ patients and found that carrier status was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality and development of non-neoplastic diseases and heart disease ( Iwata et al, 1994 ). Another retrospective study in Israel found high incidences of malignancies among PLHTLV, including ATL, mycosis fungoides, cervical carcinoma, and transitional cell carcinoma ( Stienlauf et al, 2013 ). Few large studies have been conducted in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus in a non-endemic area: a single institution study

et al. 2023

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IntroductionUnderstanding of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) remains largely based on epidemiologic and clinical data from endemic areas. Globalization has resulted in migration of persons living with HTLV (PLHTLV) from endemic to non-endemic areas, and a rise of HTLV infection in the United States. Yet, due to the historical rarity of this disease, affected patients are often under- and mis-diagnosed. Thus, we sought to characterize the epidemiology, clinical features, comorbidities, and survival of HTLV-1- or HTLV-2-positive individuals identified in a non-endemic area.MethodsOur study was a single institution, retrospective case–control analysis of HTLV-1 or HTLV-2 patients between 1998 and 2020. We utilized two HTLV-negative controls, matched for age, sex, and ethnicity, for each HTLV-positive case. We evaluated associations between HTLV infection and several hematologic, neurologic, infectious, and rheumatologic covariates. Finally, clinical factors predictive of overall survival (OS) were assessed.ResultsWe identified 38 cases of HTLV infection, of whom 23 were HTLV-1 and 15 were HTLV-2 positive. The majority (~54%) of patients in our control group received HTLV testing for transplant evaluation, compared to ~24% of HTLV-seropositive patients. Co-morbidities associated with HTLV, hepatitis C seropositivity were higher in HTLV-seropositive patients compared to controls (OR 10.7, 95% CI = 3.2–59.0, p < 0.001). Hepatitis C and HTLV co-infection resulted in decreased OS, compared to no infection, hepatitis C infection alone, or HTLV infection alone. Patients with any cancer diagnosis and HTLV infection had worse OS compared to patients with cancer or HTLV alone. HTLV-1 positive patients had lower median OS compared to HTLV-2 patients (47.7 months vs. 77.4 months). In univariate analysis, the hazard for 1-year all-cause mortality was increased among patients with HTLV-seropositivity, adult T-cell leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, and hepatitis C infection. When corrected, multivariate analysis showed that HTLV seropositivity was no longer associated with 1 year all-cause mortality; however association with AML and hepatitis C infection remained significant.ConclusionHTLV-seropositivity was not associated with increased 1 year mortality in multivariate analysis. However, our study is limited by our small patient sample size, as well as the biased patient control population due to selection factors for HTLV testing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus in a non-endemic area: a single institution study

et al. 2023

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“…It has been reported in all HTLV-1 endemic areas, but incidence seems to be higher in certain areas, such as southern Japan. Its incidence is estimated in some populations to be approximately 0.37 per 100 HTLV-1 carrier-years [90], whereas other authors estimate an incidence of 3% among HTLV-1-infected patients. Some studies have hypothesized that several risk factors may be present in the development of ATLL in asymptomatic carriers, such as smoking, infection during childhood, presence of some HLA serotypes and high anti-HTLV antibodies titers, but the only risk factors proven to be clearly related to disease occurrence are high proviral load, advanced age and family history of ATLL [59].…”

Section: Pathogenesis and Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 95%

Infection with human retroviruses other than HIV-1: HIV-2, HTLV-1, HTLV-2, HTLV-3 and HTLV-4

Nicolás

Ambrosioni

Paredes

et al. 2015

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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HIV-1 is the most prevalent retrovirus, with over 30 million people infected worldwide. Nevertheless, infection caused by other human retroviruses like HIV-2, HTLV-1, HTLV-2, HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 is gaining importance. Initially confined to specific geographical areas, HIV-2, HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 are becoming a major concern in non-endemic countries due to international migration flows. Clinical manifestations of retroviruses range from asymptomatic carriers to life-threatening conditions, such as AIDS in HIV-2 infection or adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia or tropical spastic paraparesis in HTLV-1 infection. HIV-2 is naturally resistant to some antiretrovirals frequently used to treat HIV-1 infection, but it does have effective antiretroviral therapy options. Unfortunately, HTLV still has limited therapeutic options. In this article, we will review the epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, pathogenic and therapeutic aspects of infections caused by these human retroviruses.

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“…Epidemiological and molecular studies demonstrate a credible association between HTLV-1 infection and ATLL, which is a rare and aggressive T-cell cancer found most commonly in areas where HTLV-1 is endemic, the risk of developing ATLL was greater with higher proviral load (the percentage of circulating CD4 T cells with integrated viral DNA) or higher anti-HTLV-1 antibody levels. Prospective studies and detection of a monoclonal insertion site of HTLV-1 DNA in tumours indicate that infection precedes diagnosis of ATLL (Biswas et al, 2010;IARC, 2012;Stienlauf et al, 2013). Most HTLV-1infected individuals are lifelong symptomless carriers [7] only 2% to 5% of infected people develop diseases related to the virus [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serosurvey of Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus Type 1 Secondary Infection among People Living with Hiv/Aids in Dutse Metropolis, North-Western Nigeria

Mohammed Yahaya,

Usman Aliyu Dutsinma,

Yusuf Mohammed

2018

UJMR

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Human T-lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a causative agent of tropic spastic paraparesis and adult T-cell leukaemia, Evidence is accumulating that HTLV-1 may be responsible for some degree of subclinical immune suppression that may results in increased rate of HIV. Sixty (60) people living with HIV/AIDS consisting of 20 males and 40 females were recruited in this study. HIV diagnosis was confirmed using Nigerian National Serial Algorithm for HIV test. ELISA technique was used for the detection of HTLV-1 IgG and IgM antibodies, and Cyflow partec was used for CD4 count. The prevalence of HTLV-1 IgG and IgM antibodies among HIV subjects was 15% and 6.6% respectively. Male patients have a percentage prevalence of 4(6.6%) and female 5(8.3%) of IgG antibodies, IgM antibodies prevalence was 2(3.3%) for male and female each respectively. CD4 Counts of the HIV subjects was evaluated which reveals that patients with counts 0-200cells/µl tested negative to HTLV-1 IgG and IgM antibodies. Conclusion: The percentage prevalence recorded in this study shows that HTLV-1 infection is relatively high compared to the previous studies even though limited information was obtained in relation to HIV/HTLV-1 co-infection in these study area.

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Malignant diseases and mortality in blood donors infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in Israel

Abstract: We found a high rate of malignant diseases among HTLV-1-infected blood donors.

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus in a non-endemic area: a single institution study

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus in a non-endemic area: a single institution study

Infection with human retroviruses other than HIV-1: HIV-2, HTLV-1, HTLV-2, HTLV-3 and HTLV-4

Serosurvey of Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus Type 1 Secondary Infection among People Living with Hiv/Aids in Dutse Metropolis, North-Western Nigeria

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