Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Rectum: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Mohan, Karthikeyan; K, Chinnusamy; Babu, O.L. Naganath

doi:10.1055/s-0042-1742778

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In case of low-risk disease, follow-up is recommended 4 7. It is used either in local or advanced and metastasised lesions as adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy 4. However, for anal GIST it has been used only as adjuvant therapy,15 16 as in our case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…GISTs are generally diagnosed through EUS (Endoscopic UltraSonography) and biopsy tissue obtained with fine needle aspiration 3 4. CT scan and MRI have high diagnostic accuracy rates in the staging of the disease 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adjuvant therapy with imatinib is the recommended treatment for all localised GISTs with intermediate or high risk of relapse (≤2 cm with a mitotic rate higher than 5/50 HPF; >2 to ≤5 cm with a mitotic rate higher than 5 mitoses/50 HPFs; >5 cm with any mitotic rate). In case of low-risk disease, follow-up is recommended 4 7. It is used either in local or advanced and metastasised lesions as adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further studies are required to determine its role as neoadjuvant therapy. Usually adjuvant imatinib is required for a 3-year treatment in the presence of following adverse prognostic factors: dimensions>5 cm; mitotic rate>5/50 HPF; and non-gastric location 4. According to a consensus, in some non-responding cases, imatinib is not indicated, such as for PDGFRA exon 18 D842V-mutated GISTs 7…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anorectal GISTs relate to a poor prognosis because of the particular localisation, the risk of tumour rupture, tumour size and number of mitosis 11. GISTs bigger than 5 cm with a high mitotic rate increase the risk of metastasis to the liver and peritoneum 4 19…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anal canal gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)

Brucchi

Lauricella²,

Bottero

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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SummaryGastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are malignant mesenchymal tumours that originate from the interstitial pacemaker cells of Cajal. They are particularly rare, comprising only 5% of all GISTs, and often present at an advanced stage. Treatment for these tumours is still a topic of debate due to their low incidence and insidious location. A woman in her mid-70s presented with rectal bleeding and anal discomfort. A 4.5×4 cm anal GIST was diagnosed. A local excision was performed and the patient was further treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. At a 6-month follow-up, the MRI showed that she was disease free. Anorectal GISTs are unusual and tend to be aggressive. Surgical resection is the first-line treatment for primary, localised GISTs. However, the appropriate surgical technique for these tumours is still a topic of debate. Further studies are needed to fully understand the oncologic behaviour of these rare neoplasms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Anal canal gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)

Brucchi

Lauricella²,

Bottero

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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Adjuvant therapy for rare rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A case report

Chu,

Pu,

Chen

2024

Clinical Case Reports

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Key Clinical MessageAnorectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors are extremely rare, constituting less than 0.1% of rectal tumors. Surgical resection using a transanal wide excision followed by adjuvant therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors can be a successful treatment combination to remove the mass and prevent recurrence while preserving the integrity of the anal sphincter.AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are a rare subset of neoplasms, accounting for about 1%–2% of primary gastrointestinal malignancies. The stomach is the most common site for GISTs, with anorectal GISTs being exceptionally rare, representing only 0.1% of all rectal tumors. The standard approach for managing localized GIST involves complete surgical excision to achieve negative microscopic margins (R0) while preserving the tumor capsule and maintaining anal sphincter function. Surgical resection with transanal wide excision followed by adjuvant therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors can successfully remove the mass, prevent recurrence, and preserve the anal sphincter's integrity. Adjuvant therapy with imatinib is the recommended treatment for all localized GISTs assessed to have an intermediate or high risk of relapse. Here, we report a case of a 63‐year‐old male with a rectal GIST who underwent transanal wide excision followed by adjuvant therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

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