Malignant potential of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

Vu, Tamara M.; Liubinas, Simon V.; Gonzales, Michael; Drummond, Katharine J.

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2011.07.015

Cited by 47 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Chromosomal studies reported loss in chromosome 3, 5, 20 and 22. DNA loss in chromosome 9 has been observed in 50% of PXAs [17]. It has been demonstrated that p53 mutation and EGFR overexpression which had been shown in other glial tumors of WHO grade II had not been present in PXA usually [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As an astrocytic marker, p53 is negative or focally positive [18]. Vu et al observed GFAP positivity in 22 cases, S-100 positivity in 11 cases, Neurofilament positivity in 7 of 13 tested cases, synaptophysin in 5 of 12 tested cases [17]. Hirose et al detected GFAP positivity in 5 of 5 tested cases, S-100 positivity in 3 of 3 tested cases, olig-2 positivity in 5 of 5 tested cases, Neurofilament positivity in 3 of 5 tested cases, synaptophysin positivity in 2 of 5 tested cases, chromogranin positivity in 1 of 3 tested cases in their study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In contrast, it has been reported that anaplastic PXAs could show extracranial involvement in paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, or-bita and skull bone [16]. Vu et al reviewed the literature and observed that 91% of the cases had had supratentorial localization [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have given the diagnosis with the aid of observation of necrosis, microvascular proliferation, prominent cellular anaplasia and high Ki-67 score [5]. In their review of APXA cases, Vu et al [17] observed necrosis in 12 cases, VEP in 13 cases and found that mitotic index had varied between 1 and 30 per 10 HPF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Morphological and Molecular Features of Three Cases

Çomunoğlu¹,

Karabağlı²,

Batur³

et al. 2015

OJPathology

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Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is usually a low grade astrocytic tumor. However, some cases show significant mitotic activity (5 or more mitosis per 10 High Power Field) and/or necrosis. These tumors are described as pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas with anaplastic features and display increased risk of recurrence. We aimed to evaluate histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular features of PXAs with anaplastic features, by reporting three primary cases displaying recurrence. Histopathologically we observed rhabdoid-like monomorphic atypical tumoral cells with increased mitotic activity, vascular endothelial proliferation and necrosis. Immunohistochemically, astrocytic and neuronal components displayed different specific staining properties. In 2 cases p53 was immunopositive. We detected BRAF V600E mutation in 2 cases and p16 mutation in one case, by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method. Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (APXA) is a rare tumor. We have presented 3 primary APXA cases displaying all characteristic histopathological features. Two of these cases were immunopositive for p53. Therefore, we think that this marker may not be so useful in differentiating APXA from glioblastoma (GBM). Two of our three cases display BRAF V600E mutation, which is compatible with the literature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Morphological and Molecular Features of Three Cases

Çomunoğlu¹,

Karabağlı²,

Batur³

et al. 2015

OJPathology

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show abstract

“…PXA belongs to grade II of the WHO histological classification of CNS tumours and therefore is considered as a relatively benign lesion with a favourable prognosis [12]. Most cases show typical pathologic features, nevertheless occasionally the tumour undergoes malig- nant transformation and behaves more aggressively [7,31,33,44]. Nevertheless, the patients with PXA with anaplastic features have a significantly better overall survival than patients with other malignant gliomas [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original article The coexistence of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and arteriovenous malformation. A

Nagańska¹,

Matyja²,

Pucko³

et al. 2013

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High frequency of mismatch repair deficiency among pediatric high grade gliomas in Jordan

Amayiri

Tabori

Campbell

et al. 2015

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Biallelic mismatch repair deficiency (bMMRD) is a cancer predisposition syndrome affecting primarily individuals from consanguinous families resulting in multiple childhood cancers including high grade gliomas (HGG). This is the first study to assess the prevalence of bMMRD among patients with HGG in countries where consanguinity is high. We collected molecular and clinical information on all children diagnosed with HGG and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (sPNET) between 2003 and 2013 at King Hussein Cancer Center, Jordan. Comparison was made to a similar cohort from Toronto. Clinical data regarding presence of caf e au lait macules(CAL), family history of cancer, consanguinity, pathology and treatment were collected. Tumors were centrally reviewed and tested for MMRD by immunohistochemistry of the corresponding proteins. Fortytwo patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, including 36 with HGG. MMRD was observed in 39% of HGG of whom79% also lost MMR staining in the corresponding normal cells suggestive of bMMRD. P53 dysfunction was highly enriched in MMR deficient tumors (p 5 0.0003).The frequency of MMRD was significantly lower in Toronto cohort (23%, p 5 0.03). Both evidence of CAL and consanguinity correlated with bMMRD (p 5 0.005 and 0.05,respectively) but family history of cancer didn't. HGG with all three bMMRD risk factors had evidence of MMRD and all children affected by multiple bMMRD related cancers had identical gene loss by immunohistochemical staining. In Jordan, the frequency of clinical and immunohistochemical alterations suggestive of bMMRD in pediatric HGG is high. Genetic testing will enable appropriate counseling and cancer screening to improve survival of these patients.Biallelic mismatch repair deficiency (bMMRD) is an autosomal recessive cancer predisposition syndrome caused by a biallelic germline mutation in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. This is one of the most devastating cancer syndromes associated with high penetrance and mortality during childhood.1-3 The MMR genes which are known to cause this syndrome in humans are MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. In contrast to heterozygous carriers of mutations in these genes who are at risk to develop gastrointestinal and urogenital tumors as adults, 4,5 bMMRD is characterized by a broad spectrum of early onset tumors during childhood. The most common cancers affecting children are brain tumors followed by hematological malignancies and a variety of premalignant and malignant lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. High grade gliomas (HGG) are the most common CNS tumors associated with bMMRD and are the major cause of

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Malignant potential of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

Cited by 47 publications

References 61 publications

Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Morphological and Molecular Features of Three Cases

Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Morphological and Molecular Features of Three Cases

Original article The coexistence of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and arteriovenous malformation. A

High frequency of mismatch repair deficiency among pediatric high grade gliomas in Jordan

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