Malignant Tumors in Smallpox Vaccination Scars

Marmelzat, Willard L.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1968.01610100040005

Cited by 77 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…There are reports of melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma in smallpox vaccination sites. The development of postscab lesions during the interval after scab detachment but before the appearance of skin cancer is not described [7,8,10,11,13,14,18,21]. These reports would fit our definition of a "postscab lesion" that occurred many years after vaccination, although our study is limited to a much shorter time interval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…An isotopic reaction is the appearance of a new skin disorder at the site of an injury [22]. Benign and malignant skin neoplasms reported to arise at the site of smallpox vaccination scars include keloids, basal and squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma [6,8,10,11,13,14,19,21]. The present article describes skin lesions that appear following scab detachment or scar formation after smallpox vaccination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the era of routine smallpox vaccination in the 1960s, this phenomenon was not routinely monitored. However, published reports from that era describe the appearance of a new skin lesion after scab detachment or scar formation [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dermatological Lesions near the Smallpox Vaccination Site after Scab Detachment

Kroger

Vellozzi

Deming³

et al. 2008

CLIN INFECT DIS

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Lesions arising after scab detachment at the smallpox vaccination site have been described in the medical literature. We investigated reports of postscab lesions among US civilian volunteers vaccinated against smallpox from January through August 2003. We conducted enhanced surveillance, using a standard questionnaire, for reports of skin lesions appearing at or near the smallpox vaccination site after scab detachment. We identified 21 reports; 19 of the case patients responded to our questionnaire. The lesions (scab and/or fluid) of 7 case patients were tested for vaccinia virus by use of polymerase chain reaction and/or immunohistochemistry; all were found to be negative. We contacted 18 case patients 11 months after the initial lesion appearance; 10 (56%) of the 18 reported having another lesion appear after the initial postscab lesion had resolved. Lesions were heterogeneous in morphology, clinical appearance, and histology. The evidence from our case series and follow-up suggests that these lesions are self-limited, without significant clinical sequelae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermatological Lesions near the Smallpox Vaccination Site after Scab Detachment

Kroger

Vellozzi

Deming³

et al. 2008

CLIN INFECT DIS

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“…Approximately 300,000-400,000 persons in the U.S. are diagnosed with BCC Arons et al 1965;Barr and Menard Kirsch 1969Marmelzat 1968Sahl and Clever 1994~1, b Bowers and Young 1960Arons et Ryan et al 1981Stromberg et al 1977Stromberg et al 1977Arms et al 1965Steffen 1984Coburn 1976Swanbeck and Hillstrom 1969, 1970Barr and Menard 1983;Hill et al 1996Sharlit 1938Arons et al 1965;Barr andMenard 1983 Sharlit 1938;Arons et al 1965;Barr and Menard 1983Arons et al 1965Barr and Menard 1983Ban and Menard 1983al. Society for Dermatologic Surgery 1997; National Cancer Institute 1998).…”

Section: Skin Cancer From Burn Scars?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio Frequency Radiation of Millimeter Wave Length

Ryan¹,

D'Andrea²,

Jauchem³

et al. 2000

Health Physics

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Currently, technology is being developed that makes use of the millimeter wave (MMW) range (30-300 GHz) of the radio frequency region of the electromagnetic spectrum. As more and more systems come on line and are used in everyday applications, the possibility of inadvertent exposure of personnel to MMWs increases. To date, there has been no published discussion regarding the health effects of MMWs; this review attempts to fill that void. Because of the shallow depth of penetration, the energy and, therefore, heat associated with MMWs will be deposited within the first 1-2 mm of human skin. MMWs have been used in states of the former Soviet Union to provide therapeutic benefit in a number of diverse disease states, including skin disorders, gastric ulcers, heart disease and cancer. Conversely, the possibility exists that hazards might be associated with accidental overexposure to MMWs. This review attempts to critically analyze the likelihood of such acute effects as burn and eye damage, as well as potential long-term effects, including cancer.

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“…Smallpox vaccination scar has been reported to be a peculiar site for the localization of many skin conditions, including malignant cutaneous neoplasms 2 (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and malignant fibrous histiocytoma), benign tumours (dermatofibroma) 3 and occasionally inflammatory disorders (discoid lupus erythematosus) 4 …”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graves' disease presenting as localized myxoedematous infiltration in a smallpox vaccination scar

Pujol

Monmany²,

Bagué

et al. 2000

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology

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We describe a 54-year-old woman with diffuse myxoedematous infiltration at the site of a smallpox vaccination scar as the presenting symptom of Graves' disease. Associated features included acute ocular symptoms (vascular congestion of the sclera, epiphora and blurred vision) and transient erythema on both shins. However, there were no signs of pretibial myxoedema. A number of neoplastic, inflammatory and systemic diseases may localize to scar tissue in skin, including at smallpox vaccination sites, but this case demonstrates the unusual occurrence of myxoedematous infiltration at such a site and illustrates a most atypical cutaneous presentation of Graves'disease.

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Malignant Tumors in Smallpox Vaccination Scars

Cited by 77 publications

References 12 publications

Dermatological Lesions near the Smallpox Vaccination Site after Scab Detachment

Dermatological Lesions near the Smallpox Vaccination Site after Scab Detachment

Radio Frequency Radiation of Millimeter Wave Length

Graves' disease presenting as localized myxoedematous infiltration in a smallpox vaccination scar

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