Mammalian Metabolism of Orally Administered Phenothiazine

The metabolism of phenothiazine in the neonatal calf: Identification of drug-polypeptide conjugates from urine

“…It was assumed, therefore, that band B consisted of glucuronic acid and sulphuric acid conjugates of the above three compounds. Such conjugates are well known and are produced by a wide variety of species when challenged with phenothiazine (Mitchell 1982). They were not investigated further.…”

“…Nevertheless, owing to its relative cheapness it is still employed as a prophylactic in the control of manurebreeding flies and as a vermifuge in certain livestock. The metabolism of phenothiazine has been partly investigated in many speciesand has been reviewed recently (Mitchell 1982). The metabolic pathways, involving carbon and sulphur oxidation and conjugation with glucuronic and sulphuric acids, are common to most species examined.…”

Metabolism of Sulfur-Containing Xenobiotics

“…5). 68 Ring sulfoxidation is now regarded as an important route of metabolism for this type of compound. @ The general lack of further oxidation of phenothiazine ring sulfoxides is in agreement with other observations that strained cyclic sulfides are only oxidized as far as their sulfoxides, which are their major sulfur oxidation products.…”

Synthesis of Tetraaza Derivatives of Benzoxazinophenothiazine

“…In textile, paint and plastic industries, they are used as vat dyes and pigments 10 ; and in agricultural industries, as insecticides and nematodicides. 11 In petroleum industries, they have been found useful as antioxidants in lubricants and fuels.…”