Man the Hunter, Woman the Gatherer? The Impact of Gender Studies on Hunter-Gatherer Research (A Retrospective)

Sterling, Kathleen

doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199551224.013.032

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Such observations would seem to suggest that this gendered behavioral pattern is an ancestral one, ostensibly stemming from life history traits related to pregnancy and child care, which constrain female subsistence opportunities (3,4). However, a number of scholars have theorized that such division of labor would have been less pronounced, altogether absent, or structurally different among our early hunter-gatherer ancestors (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Early subsistence economies that emphasized big game would have encouraged participation from all able individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female hunters of the early Americas

et al. 2020

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Sexual division of labor with females as gatherers and males as hunters is a major empirical regularity of hunter-gatherer ethnography, suggesting an ancestral behavioral pattern. We present an archeological discovery and meta-analysis that challenge the man-the-hunter hypothesis. Excavations at the Andean highland site of Wilamaya Patjxa reveal a 9000-year-old human burial (WMP6) associated with a hunting toolkit of stone projectile points and animal processing tools. Osteological, proteomic, and isotopic analyses indicate that this early hunter was a young adult female who subsisted on terrestrial plants and animals. Analysis of Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene burial practices throughout the Americas situate WMP6 as the earliest and most secure hunter burial in a sample that includes 10 other females in statistical parity with early male hunter burials. The findings are consistent with nongendered labor practices in which early hunter-gatherer females were big-game hunters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female hunters of the early Americas

et al. 2020

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“…Case studies in diverse fields of research focus in detail on how non-epistemic values permeate the production of scientific knowledge at each stage of inquiry. Examples of such studies include research in biology (Haraway, 1989;Hubbard, 1990;Keller, 1988;Lloyd, 2005;Okruhlik, 1994), behavioural sciences (Lacey, 2003;Longino, 1990Longino, , 2013Małecka, in press), medicine and public health (Cohn, 2006;Katikireddi & Valles, 2015), psychology (Anderson, 2004;Intemann, 2001), anthropology (Slocum, 1975;Sterling, 2014;Zihlman, 1985), geology (Solomon, 1992), engineering (Diekmann & Peterson, 2013;Tuana et al, 2012), environmental research and climate science (Elliott, 2011;Intemann, 2015;Nordhaus, 2007), archaeology (Wylie, 2007). Somewhat surprisingly, economics is virtually non-existent in the analyses of value-ladenness in the philosophy of science.…”

Section: Discussion On Values In Science In the Philosophy Of Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Values in economics: a recent revival with a twist

Małecka

2021

Journal of Economic Methodology

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This article reviews the relatively recent trend in economic methodology that consists in bringing insights from the debate in philosophy of science on values in science in order to analyse value-ladenness of economic research. The text claims that these insights from philosophy of science offer a slightly new approach to the topic of value judgments in economics that has been discussed in philosophy of economics for decades. It suggests that the perspective of philosophy of science reviewed in the article invites to rethinking analyses of feminist economists as important contributions to economic methodology.

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“…One other reason for the large income gap between Baka women and men is that fields dominated by women-such as gathering and plantation labour-with opportunities which are often in close proximity to the settlements-are typically less compensated than fields that are predominantly male, like the timber industry. Besides gendered preconceptions of what kind of work is valuable or acceptable (Sterling 2014), better paying jobs in the timber industry are often several miles away from settlements in remote parts of the forest. This makes it difficult for women to combine domesticity and accessing job opportunities in the better paying sectors such as the timber industry.…”

Section: Employment and Incomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobility and socio-economic marginalisation: a feminist critique of conservation-induced displacement and resettlement with the case of the Baka of Cameroon

Awuh

2021

SN Soc Sci

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A looming gap in the research on livelihood effects of displacement and resettlement is a focus on gender differences. Consequently, this paper examines women's mobility or immobility and how it affects their abilities to take better advantage of the resources at their disposal following conservation-induced displacement and resettlement. This paper utilises a capability approach to investigate the marginalisation of women. More specifically, immobility through domesticity is put forward as a main factor which influences unfavourable livelihood outcomes for women following displacement and resettlement. In order to shed light on these propositions, research was conducted with displaced and resettled Baka communities, living around the Dja Reserve in Cameroon, Africa. Structured questionnaire surveys and focus group discussions were used to identify challenges faced by women. Findings confirm that following displacement and resettlement, Baka women are restricted in their mobility by domestic responsibilities which limit them to the domestic sphere. Consequently, their opportunities for personal development such as access to formal education and the labour market are severely limited. This paper reinforces the argument that capabilities should be the focus in interventions which seek to improve welfare. Poverty is not only seen as a lack of resources. Poverty is a lack of choices and opportunities.

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Man the Hunter, Woman the Gatherer? The Impact of Gender Studies on Hunter-Gatherer Research (A Retrospective)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Female hunters of the early Americas

Female hunters of the early Americas

Values in economics: a recent revival with a twist

Immobility and socio-economic marginalisation: a feminist critique of conservation-induced displacement and resettlement with the case of the Baka of Cameroon

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