Management of accidental exposure to HCV, HBV and HIV in healthcare workers in Romania

Malka, E.; Streinu‐Cercel, Anca; Pițigoi, Daniela; Bacruban, Rodica

doi:10.11599/germs.2012.1025

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…On the contrary, Malka et al, in Romania, found that all HCWs who reported an exposure were tested at the day of the event and were followed at least once during the first year and after 12 months. 31 In our study, 96.9% of injured HCWs did not receive PEP. On the contrary, another study reported that PEP was not administered in only 5% of cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…On the contrary, another study reported that PEP was not administered in only 5% of cases. 31 additionally, Himmelreich et al, found that, almost all employees with anti-HBs, of less than 100 IU/L at time of exposure, received HBV booster immunization within 48 h of their NSSIs. 1 Findings of the current research contradict what was reported during the interview with the head of Infection Control Unit at AMUH regarding the existence of adequate safety policies for the use of needles and sharps, and availability of post-exposure management including blood testing for the exposed HCWs at time of exposure and follow-up tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safe injection procedures, injection practices, and needlestick injuries among health care workers in operating rooms

Foda

Elshaer²,

Sultan³

2018

Alexandria Journal of Medicine

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Background: Of the estimated 384,000 needle-stick injuries occurring in hospitals each year, 23% occur in surgical settings. This study was conducted to assess safe injection procedures, injection practices, and circumstances contributing to needlestick and sharps injures (NSSIs) in operating rooms. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional approach was adopted. Modified observational checklists based on World Health Organization (WHO) definitions were used in operating rooms (n = 34) and interview questionnaire was administered to HCWs (n = 318) at the Alexandria Main University Hospital. Results: Safe injection procedures regarding final waste disposal were sufficiently adopted, while measures regarding disposable injection equipment, waste containers, hand hygiene, as well as injection practices were inadequately carried out. Lack of job aid posters that promote safe injection and safe disposal of injection equipment (100%), overflowing of sharps containers and presence of infectious waste outside containers (50%), HCWs not cleaning their hands with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub (58.1%), and HCWs not wearing gloves during IV cannula insertion (58.1%), were all findings during observations. High prevalence of NSSIs was reported (61.3%), mostly during handling suture needles (50.8%). In addition, 66.2% of the injured HCWs were the original user of the sharp item which was contaminated in 80% of injuries. At time of NSSI, 79% HCWs were wearing gloves. The most common injured sites were left fingers (39.5%), and 55.4% of injuries were superficial. After exposure, 97.9% did not report their exposure. The source patient was not tested for HBV, HCV and HIV infection in more than 70% of injuries and 96.9% of injured HCWs did not receive post exposure prophylaxis. Conclusion: The study highlighted that inadequately adopted safe injection procedures and insufficient injection practices lead to high prevalence of NSSIs in operating rooms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe injection procedures, injection practices, and needlestick injuries among health care workers in operating rooms

Foda

Elshaer²,

Sultan³

2018

Alexandria Journal of Medicine

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“…In Iran 1.3% to 8.69% and in Romania 2% to 7% of the population are chronic HBV carriers, approximately. 1,2 Also, HBV is one of the occupational menaces for healthcare workers (HCW), the infection risk through exposure to blood and infectious body fluids being highest in this category. 3 The WHO estimates that per year 66,000 HBV infections take place in HCWs due to career exposure to percutaneous damages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-17 and IL-22 genetic polymorphisms in HBV vaccine non- and low-responders among healthcare workers

Borzooy

Streinu‐Cercel

Mirshafiey

et al. 2016

GERMS

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Background Healthcare workers constitute a population at high risk for HBV infection. Efficient vaccination options are available; however, the individual response to HBV vaccination may vary widely between subjects, potentially due to cytokine profiles and genetic variations. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between IL-17 and IL-22 gene polymorphisms versus non-and lowresponsiveness to HBV vaccination in healthcare workers.Methods We selected the following IL-17 and IL-22 polymorphisms: rs4711998 (A/G) from IL-17 and rs2227501 (A/T), rs2227503 (A/G), rs1026786 (A/G) from IL-22 sequences genes. These were determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphisms.Results The IL-17 rs4711998 GG genotype had a significantly lower frequency in non-responders compared to low-responders (p=0.025). However, we did not identify a relationship between IL-22 rs1026780, rs2227501 and rs2227503 genotypes and the anti-HBs response following HBV vaccination.Conclusion These data suggest that genetic variation in rs4711998 polymorphisms in the IL-17 cytokine may influence vaccine-induced immune responses to HBV vaccine in healthcare workers.

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“…[2][3][4] In Iran, a vaccination campaign was implemented in 1993; 5 it included HCWs and it encouraged all individuals at risk for HBV infection to get vaccinated against HBV. Despite a substantial decline in the incidence of occupationally-acquired HBV, residual infection in healthcare systems still exists due to both incomplete coverage of vaccination and nonresponsiveness to vaccine among HCWs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and viral antigens in healthcare workers who presented low to moderate levels of anti-HBs after HBV vaccination

Borzooy

Jazayeri

Mirshafiey

et al. 2015

GERMS

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Methods Sera from 120 HBsAg-negative HCWs with low and moderate levels of anti-HBs, <10 IU/mL (group I) and <100 IU/mL (group II) respectively, were selected and were examined for OBI by sensitive real-time PCR regardless of HBV serological profiles. Direct sequencing on surface genes was carried out in OBI-positive cases.Results Four (3.3%) were positive for OBI. All were negative for anti-HBc. Two of the positive cases had moderate levels of anti-HBs (>10 to <100 IU/mL). No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of risk factors or serological data. No mutations were found in surface proteins of OBI cases.Conclusion OBI in these subjects might be due to other factors rather than presence of "a" determinant mutations. Healthcare workers with inadequate to moderate levels of anti-HBs (<100 IU/mL) following vaccination, regardless of their serological profile for HBV, should be tested for the presence of HBV DNA by sensitive molecular tests. Anti-HBc is not a reliable marker for suspicion of OBI, especially in high-risk group individuals.

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Management of accidental exposure to HCV, HBV and HIV in healthcare workers in Romania

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Safe injection procedures, injection practices, and needlestick injuries among health care workers in operating rooms

Safe injection procedures, injection practices, and needlestick injuries among health care workers in operating rooms

IL-17 and IL-22 genetic polymorphisms in HBV vaccine non- and low-responders among healthcare workers

Identification of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and viral antigens in healthcare workers who presented low to moderate levels of anti-HBs after HBV vaccination

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