Management of difficult multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug‐resistant tuberculosis: Update 2012

Chang, Kwok Chiu; Yew, Wing‐Wai

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02257.x

Cited by 59 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 165 publications

(266 reference statements)

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“…54 Therefore, the identification of new and effective drugs to fight resistant strains of M. tuberculosis is of the outmost importance. The introduction of bedaquiline for treatment of MDR-TB is a first step towards this end.…”

Section: Development Of Drug Resistance In Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance: a global multifaceted phenomenon

Prestinaci

Pezzotti

Pantosti

2015

Pathogens and Global Health

2,230

1,370

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most serious global public health threats in this century. The first World Health Organization (WHO) Global report on surveillance of AMR, published in April 2014, collected for the first time data from national and international surveillance networks, showing the extent of this phenomenon in many parts of the world and also the presence of large gaps in the existing surveillance. In this review, we focus on antibacterial resistance (ABR), which represents at the moment the major problem, both for the high rates of resistance observed in bacteria that cause common infections and for the complexity of the consequences of ABR. We describe the health and economic impact of ABR, the principal risk factors for its emergence and, in particular, we illustrate the highlights of four antibiotic-resistant pathogens of global concern -Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, non-typhoidal Salmonella and Mycobacterium tuberculosis -for whom we report resistance data worldwide. Measures to control the emergence and the spread of ABR are presented.

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Section: Development Of Drug Resistance In Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance: a global multifaceted phenomenon

Prestinaci

Pezzotti

Pantosti

2015

Pathogens and Global Health

2,230

1,370

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“…There is an urgent need for alternate ways to control M. tuberculosis infections, and one potential strategy involves using mycobacteriophages for prophylaxis or therapy (2). The emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and totally drug-resistant (TDR) strains of M. tuberculosis, both of which are especially difficult to control (3), has spurred renewed interest in the therapeutic use of bacteriophages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protein Interactome of Mycobacteriophage Giles Predicts Functions for Unknown Proteins

et al. 2015

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Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect mycobacterial hosts and are prevalent in the environment. Nearly 700 mycobacteriophage genomes have been completely sequenced, revealing considerable diversity and genetic novelty. Here, we have determined the protein complement of mycobacteriophage Giles by mass spectrometry and mapped its genome-wide protein interactome to help elucidate the roles of its 77 predicted proteins, 50% of which have no known function. About 22,000 individual yeast twohybrid (Y2H) tests with four different Y2H vectors, followed by filtering and retest screens, resulted in 324 reproducible proteinprotein interactions, including 171 (136 nonredundant) high-confidence interactions. The complete set of high-confidence interactions among Giles proteins reveals new mechanistic details and predicts functions for unknown proteins. The Giles interactome is the first for any mycobacteriophage and one of just five known phage interactomes so far. Our results will help in understanding mycobacteriophage biology and aid in development of new genetic and therapeutic tools to understand Mycobacterium tuberculosis. IMPORTANCEMycobacterium tuberculosis causes over 9 million new cases of tuberculosis each year. Mycobacteriophages, viruses of mycobacterial hosts, hold considerable potential to understand phage diversity, evolution, and mycobacterial biology, aiding in the development of therapeutic tools to control mycobacterial infections. The mycobacteriophage Giles protein-protein interaction network allows us to predict functions for unknown proteins and shed light on major biological processes in phage biology. For example, Giles gp76, a protein of unknown function, is found to associate with phage packaging and maturation. The functions of mycobacteriophage-derived proteins may suggest novel therapeutic approaches for tuberculosis. Our ORFeome clone set of Giles proteins and the interactome data will be useful resources for phage interactomics.T he continuous emergence of bacterial pathogens resistant to antibiotics is an increasing medical problem (1). Mycobacterium tuberculosis is prominent among these pathogens, with over 9 million new cases of tuberculosis reported each year. There is an urgent need for alternate ways to control M. tuberculosis infections, and one potential strategy involves using mycobacteriophages for prophylaxis or therapy (2). The emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and totally drug-resistant (TDR) strains of M. tuberculosis, both of which are especially difficult to control (3), has spurred renewed interest in the therapeutic use of bacteriophages.Mycobacteriophages are known to infect many different species of both fast-and slow-growing mycobacteria, including M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis (4, 5). Over the past decade, thousands of mycobacteriophages have been isolated, and hundreds have been completely sequenced (http://phagesdb.org/). Mycobacteriophage genomes are highly mosaic due to horizontal genetic exchange (6-8) but can be grouped into 2...

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“…Effective treatment and control of TB are complicated by the emergence and spread of drug-resistant, multidrug-resistant (MDR), or even extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains (2). MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains are resistant to at least isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF); XDR strains carry additional resistance to at least one fluoroquinolone and one injectable drug (3). The treatment of these strains is expensive and often ineffective, which not only facilitates the spread of resistant strains but also enables the development of resistance to additional drugs (4,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PhyResSE: a Web Tool Delineating Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antibiotic Resistance and Lineage from Whole-Genome Sequencing Data

et al. 2015

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Antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis poses a global threat, causing the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people annually. While whole-genome sequencing (WGS), with its unprecedented level of detail, promises to play an increasingly important role in diagnosis, data analysis is a daunting challenge. Here, we present a simple-to-use web service (free for academic use at http://phyresse .org). Delineating both lineage and resistance, it provides state-of-the-art methodology to life scientists and physicians untrained in bioinformatics. It combines elaborate data processing and quality control, as befits human diagnostics, with a treasure trove of validated resistance data collected from well-characterized samples in-house and worldwide.

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Management of difficult multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug‐resistant tuberculosis: Update 2012

Abstract: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) denotes bacillary resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB is MDR-TB

Cited by 59 publications

References 165 publications

Antimicrobial resistance: a global multifaceted phenomenon

Antimicrobial resistance: a global multifaceted phenomenon

The Protein Interactome of Mycobacteriophage Giles Predicts Functions for Unknown Proteins

PhyResSE: a Web Tool Delineating Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antibiotic Resistance and Lineage from Whole-Genome Sequencing Data

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