Management of Fetal Mummification/Maceration Through Left Flank Caesarean Section in Cows - Study of Four Cases

Report on fetal mummification in the scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini

“…The maintenance of the pregnancy in domestic mammals carrying mummified embryos is associated with progesterone synthesis by corpora lutea and placenta (Dutt et al ., 2018). This mechanism prevents the dead embryos and the whole offspring to be aborted, and parturition of the mummified individuals normally occurs during parturition of the healthy siblings with no further fertility deficits for the female (Noakes et al ., 2001).…”

“…The pregnant female of the present study was captured in nearshore waters, and the embryos' total length and external characteristics suggest that they were close to parturition (Hazin et al, 2001;Vooren & Klippel, 2005), indicating that they would soon be born in the coastal region. Moreover, the presence of five cephalopod species observed on the adult female intestine that are most frequently found on the outer continental shelf and oceanic environment (Clarke, 1986;Nesis, 1987;Vaske-Júnior & Costa, 2011) The maintenance of the pregnancy in domestic mammals carrying mummified embryos is associated with progesterone synthesis by corpora lutea and placenta (Dutt et al, 2018). This mechanism prevents the dead embryos and the whole offspring to be aborted, and parturition of the mummified individuals normally occurs during parturition of the healthy siblings with no further fertility deficits for the female (Noakes et al, 2001).…”

Dystocia Due to Foetal Mummification in Four Goats Carrying Twin Pregnancies

“…Foetal mummification is one of the important gestational disorders of farm animals in which the exact etiology and time of foetal death are unknown (Dutt et al, 2018).…”

Dystocia Due to Fetal Mummification in a Non-Descript Goat: A Case Study

“…Fetal mummification and maceration are important gestational disorders of farm animals in which the exact etiology and time of fetal death are unknown (Dutt et al, 2018). However, fetal mummification has been reported in many domestic species, including the cow, sheep (Alagar et al, 2016), goat (Anil et al, 2017), horse (Threlfall, 2005), swine, dog and cat.…”