Management of fungal plant pathogens

Arya, Arun; Perelló, A. E.

doi:10.1079/9781845936037.0000

Cited by 32 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Further testing is required to investigate the underlying mechanism by which MFP promotes grain development. The copper content of MFP is low, 0.02% of the recommended application rate, compared to typically used fungicide rates of ≥0.2% (Arya & Perelló, 2010). This reduced copper dose may facilitate greater copper penetration through the cell membrane and uptake into pathogen cells by forming peptide and amino acid complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microbial Fermentation Mixture Reduces Fusarium Head Blight and Promotes Grain Weight but does not impact Septoria tritici blotch

2021

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Fusarium graminearum and Zymoseptoria tritici cause economically important diseases of wheat. F. graminearum is one of the primary causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Z. tritici is the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch (STB). Alternative control methods are required in the face of fungicide resistance and EU legislation which seek to cut pesticide use by 2030. Both fungal pathogens have been described as either hemibiotrophs or necrotrophs. A microbial fermentation-based product (MFP) was previously demonstrated to control the biotrophic pathogen powdery mildew, on wheat. Here we investigated if MFP would be effective against the non-biotrophic fungal pathogens of wheat, F. graminearum and Z. tritici. We assessed the impact of MFP on fungal growth, disease control and also evaluated the individual constituent parts of MFP. Antifungal activity towards both pathogens was found in vitro but MFP only significantly decreased disease symptoms of FHB in planta. In addition, MFP was found to improve the grain number and weight, of uninfected and F. graminearum infected wheat heads.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microbial Fermentation Mixture Reduces Fusarium Head Blight and Promotes Grain Weight but does not impact Septoria tritici blotch

2021

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“…Additionally, another strategy applied to control these fungal diseases, namely the use of agrochemicals, is an effective procedure to eradicate and control phytopathogens. However, the excessive and long-term application of agrochemicals can cause environmental and health problems, and such agrochemicals could generate a new resistant strain of fungal pathogens [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crude Citric Acid of Trichoderma asperellum: Tomato Growth Promotor and Suppressor of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Al-Askar

Saber

Ghoneem

et al. 2021

Plants

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Presently, the bioprocessing of agricultural residues to various bioactive compounds is of great concern, with the potential to be used as plant growth promoters and as a reductive of various diseases. Lycopersiconesculentum, one of the most consumed crops in the human diet, is attacked by Fusarium wilt disease, so the main aim is to biocontrol the pathogen. Several fungal species were isolated from decayed maize stover (MS). Trichodermaasperellum was chosen based on its organic acid productivity and was molecularly identified (GenBank accession number is MW195019). Citric acid (CA) was the major detected organic acid by HPLC. In vitro, CA of T.asperellum at 75% completely repressed the growth of Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). In vivo, soaking tomato seeds in CA enhanced the seed germination and vigor index. T. asperellum and/or its CA suppressed the wilt disease caused by FOL compared to control. There was a proportional increment of plant growth and yield, as well as improvements in the biochemical parameters (chlorophyll pigments, total phenolic contents and peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities), suggesting targeting both the bioconversion of MS into CA and biological control of FOL.

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“…The commercial use of entomopathogenic fungi such as Metarhizium (Metschnikoff) Sorokin, 1883 (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) or Beauveria (Balsamo) Vuillemin, 1912 (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) as "mycoinsecticides" or "biopesticides" is generally practiced using the inundative biocontrol approach, where the environment harboring the insect pest is treated with high concentrations of infective fungal propagules (Eilenberg et al, 2001;Jackson et al, 2010). Generally, fungal antagonists of plant pathogens or fungal biopesticides for biocontrol purposes are produced using solid substrate fermentations on grains which are subsequently formulated as powders or liquids for topical applications or as granules for soil applications (Jackson et al, 2010;Tripathi et al, 2010;Jaronski, 2014). However, the different steps involved in mass production of infective conidia as well as during harvesting and formulation can be detrimental for conidia viability and survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Microsclerotia From Entomopathogenic Fungi and Use in Maize Seed Coating as Delivery for Biocontrol Against Fusarium graminearum

Rivas-Franco

Hampton

Altier

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The commercial use of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium spp. in biopesticides has gained more interest since the discovery that several species of this genus are able to colonize roots. In general, commercial products with Metarhizium are formulated based on conidia for insect pest control. The process of mass production, harvesting, and formulation of infective conidia can be detrimental for conidial viability. Entomopathogenic fungi such as Metarhizium spp. are able to produce high concentrations of resistant structures, known as microsclerotia, when grown in liquid media. Microsclerotia are desiccation tolerant, with excellent storage stability, and are capable of producing high quantities of infective conidia after rehydration. The aim of this study was to evaluate microsclerotia production by different isolates of Metarhizium spp. and determine the effect of microsclerotia coated onto maize seeds on plant growth in the presence of soil-borne pathogen Fusarium graminearum. On average, ~1 × 105 microsclerotia/mL were produced by selected isolates of M. anisopliae (A1080 and F672) and Metarhizium robertsii (F447). Microsclerotia were formulated as granules with diatomaceous earth and used for seed coating, after which propagules produced around 5 × 106 CFU/g of seeds. In the presence of the plant pathogen, maize plants grown from untreated seeds had the lowest growth, while plants treated with the Metarhizium microsclerotia had significantly greater growth than the control plants. Hyphae were observed growing on and in root tissues in all the Metarhizium spp. treatments but not in samples from control plants. Metarhizium hyphal penetration points' on roots were observed 1 month after sowing, indicating the fungi were colonizing roots as endophytes. The results obtained indicate that microsclerotia can be coated onto seeds, providing plant protection against soil plant pathogens and a method to establish Metarhizium in the ecto- and endo-rhizosphere of maize roots, allowing the persistence of this biocontrol agent.

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Management of fungal plant pathogens

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

A Microbial Fermentation Mixture Reduces Fusarium Head Blight and Promotes Grain Weight but does not impact Septoria tritici blotch

A Microbial Fermentation Mixture Reduces Fusarium Head Blight and Promotes Grain Weight but does not impact Septoria tritici blotch

Crude Citric Acid of Trichoderma asperellum: Tomato Growth Promotor and Suppressor of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Production of Microsclerotia From Entomopathogenic Fungi and Use in Maize Seed Coating as Delivery for Biocontrol Against Fusarium graminearum

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